Using automated laser pulse temporal shaping we report on enhancing spectral emission characteristics of ablation plasmas produced by laser irradiation of brass on ultrafast time scales. For different input irradiance levels, control of both atomic and ionic species becomes possible concerning the yield and the excitation state. The improved energy coupling determined by tailored pulses induces material ejection with lower mechanical load that translates into hot gas-phase regions with higher excitation degrees and reduced particulates.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.011159 | DOI Listing |
Shock
January 2025
Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT.
Objective: Loss of function of the phospholipid scramblase (PLS) TMEM16F results in Scott Syndrome, a hereditary bleeding disorder generally attributed to intrinsic platelet dysfunction. The role of TMEM16F in endothelial cells, however, is not well understood. We sought to test the hypothesis that endothelial TMEM16F contributes to hemostasis by measuring bleeding time and venous clotting in endothelial-specific knockout (ECKO) mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Department of Earth System Sciences, Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, University of Hamburg, Hamburg 20146, Germany.
As an essential micronutrient, phosphorus plays a key role in oceanic biogeochemistry, with its cycling intimately connected to the global carbon cycle and climate change. Authigenic carbonate fluorapatite (CFA) has been suggested to represent a significant phosphorus sink in the deep ocean, but its formation mechanisms in oceanic low-productivity settings remain poorly constrained. Applying X-ray absorption near edge structure, transmission electron microscopy, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer analyses, we report a unique mineral assemblage where CFA crystals coat phillipsite in abyssal sediments of the East Mariana Basin and the Philippine Sea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanotoxicology
January 2025
Infection, Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
The role of surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) in lung clearance and translocation to secondary organs of inhaled nanoparticles was investigated by exposing SP-A and SP-D knockout (AKO and DKO) and wild type (WT) mice nose-only for 3 hours to an aerosol of 20 nm gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Animals were euthanised at 0-, 1-, 7- and 28-days post-exposure. Analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of the liver and kidneys showed that extrapulmonary translocation was below the limits of detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
December 2024
The 41 Institute of the Sixth Academy of China Aerospace Science and Industry, Hohhot 010010, China.
Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is a new green oxidant, which is a kind of high-energy ionic liquid and has been widely used in the field of liquid propulsion. When it is used in laser plasma propulsion, its poor absorption coefficient significantly limits its application. To address the issue, this paper investigates the effects of the content of the infrared dye and the laser energy density on the laser propulsion performance of an ADN-based liquid propellant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China.
Studies targeting the blood repellency and autonomous anticoagulation of superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces are potentially valuable for their application in blood contact. The anticoagulation abilities and potential mechanisms of different SH surfaces urgently need to be revealed. In this study, a range of microprotrusion arrays on Al substrates with varying spacings via laser ablation through the utilization of organic adsorption and siloxane coupling reactions were fabricated.
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