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Protective role of antibodies in enteric virus infections: Lessons from primary and secondary immune deficiencies.
Immunol Rev
November 2024
Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- - Enteric viruses are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis globally, particularly affecting children and the elderly, and can also lead to severe neurological diseases like poliomyelitis.
- - Understanding of immune responses to these viruses is primarily derived from animal studies, although vaccines (like those for poliovirus and rotavirus) have advanced our knowledge, particularly regarding protective immunity.
- - Research on Inborn Errors of Immunity highlights the importance of antibodies, showing that individuals with inadequate antibody production are more susceptible to prolonged enteric viral infections and related neurological issues due to the role of B cells and immunoglobulins in viral control.
Genetic diversity of enteric viruses responsible of gastroenteritis in urban and rural Burkina Faso.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis
July 2024
Laboratory of Emerging and Re-emerging Pathogens, Nazi Boni University, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Article Synopsis
- Viral gastrointestinal infections are a significant health issue in developing countries, including Burkina Faso, where limited data on the circulating viruses and their genetic diversity exist.
- This study analyzed stool samples from 1,295 patients between 2018 and 2021, finding that 34.1% had detectable viruses, with norovirus and sapovirus being the most common.
- The research highlights a reduction in viral prevalence but a high diversity of strains, emphasizing the need for routine surveillance and improved management strategies for diarrhea, particularly for children.
Background: Gastroenteritis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Its cause encompasses a spectrum of agents, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, toxins, and drugs. Viruses account for a considerable portion of gastroenteritis cases across all age groups, typically presenting with symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, anorexia, and weight loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiagnosing viral gastro-enteritis using the fully automated sample-in, result-out STARlet All in one system (AIOS).
J Virol Methods
September 2024
Laboratory for Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.
The STARlet All-In-One system is a modular platform that integrates the complete molecular diagnostic workflow from nucleic acid extraction of clinical samples to PCR set-up and amplification. The platform was evaluated in comparison with laboratory developed tests (LDT) on fecal samples from patients with suspected viral gastro-enteritis. In a retrospective study, 72 positive samples were analysed, including all pathogens detected by the Seegene Allplex™ GI-virus assay, adenovirus, astrovirus, norovirus GI and GII, sapovirus, and rotavirus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSapovirus: an emerging pathogen in kidney transplant recipients?
Infection
October 2024
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.
Purpose: Diarrhea is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. After including sapovirus to the viral gastroenteritis screening of our institution's laboratory, we noticed an increase in sapovirus infections among kidney transplant recipients. Therefore, we assumed former gastrointestinal tract infections with unidentified pathogens could have been caused by sapovirus.
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