We have analysed the chemical and stable isotope compositions of four spring waters situated just northwest of the Hekla volcano, where cold water emerges from the base of the lava flows. The stable isotope ratios of water (H, O), dissolved inorganic carbon (C) and sulphate (S) were used to determine whether magmatic gases are mixing with the groundwater. The waters can be characterised as Na-HCO(3) type. The results show that deep-seated gases mix with groundwater, substantially affecting the concentration of solutes and the isotopic composition of dissolved carbon and sulphate.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2010.488814 | DOI Listing |
Space Sci Rev
April 2024
School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1404 USA.
This work reviews possible signatures and potential detectability of present-day volcanically emitted material in the atmosphere of Venus. We first discuss the expected composition of volcanic gases at present time, addressing how this is related to mantle composition and atmospheric pressure. Sulfur dioxide, often used as a marker of volcanic activity in Earth's atmosphere, has been observed since late 1970s to exhibit variability at the Venus' cloud tops at time scales from hours to decades; however, this variability may be associated with solely atmospheric processes.
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April 2024
Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias (INVOLCAN), 38400, Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
At many dormant volcanoes, magmatic gases are not channeled through preferential degassing routes as fumaroles and only percolate through the flanks of the volcano in a diffuse way. This type of volcanic gas emission provides valuable information, even though the soil matrix contains an important atmospheric component. This study aimed to demonstrate that chemical ratios such as He/CO in soil gases provide excellent information on the evolution of volcanic unrest episodes and help forecast the volcanic eruption onset.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA previously undocumented shallow water hydrothermal field from Sicily (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) is here described, based on a multidisciplinary investigation. The field, covering an area of nearly 8000 m2 and a depth from the surface to -5 m, was explored in June 2021 to characterise the main physico-chemical features of the water column, describe the bottom topography and features, and identify the main megabenthic and nektonic species. Twenty sites were investigated to characterise the carbonate system.
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November 2023
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
The observation that many lavas associated with mantle plumes have higher He/He ratios than the upper convecting mantle underpins geophysical, geodynamic and geochemical models of Earth's deep interior. High He/He ratios are thought to derive from the solar nebula or from solar-wind-irradiated material that became incorporated into Earth during early planetary accretion. Traditionally, this high-He/He component has been considered intrinsic to the mantle, having avoided outgassing caused by giant impacts and billions of years of mantle convection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2023
Université Paris Cité, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS UMR 7154, Paris, France.
How simple abiotic organic compounds evolve toward more complex molecules of potentially prebiotic importance remains a missing key to establish where life possibly emerged. The limited variety of abiotic organics, their low concentrations and the possible pathways identified so far in hydrothermal fluids have long hampered a unifying theory of a hydrothermal origin for the emergence of life on Earth. Here we present an alternative road to abiotic organic synthesis and diversification in hydrothermal environments, which involves magmatic degassing and water-consuming mineral reactions occurring in mineral microcavities.
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