Contrast-induced nephropathy is a major complication resulting from percutaneous coronary interventional procedures characterized by acute or subacute deterioration of renal function due to exposure to iodinated contrast medium that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Promoting factors for the development of nephropathy have been widely described in literature as well as hydration and pharmacological measures to prevent its development; However, few of them have shown evidence level A so far, hence a major research front remains open, not only in the prevention but also in the treatment of this pathology. In this article we review epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects of this complication, and various preventive and therapeutic modalities currently available.
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Article Synopsis
- The study focused on elderly patients (70+) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at a tertiary center in Upper Egypt, highlighting a growing concern for cardiovascular disease in aging populations.
- The research included data from 3,627 patients, finding that 15.9% were elderly, with significantly higher in-hospital mortality rates, particularly among octogenarians (23.3%) compared to younger patients (4%).
- Elderly patients showed distinct clinical characteristics, such as higher rates of hypertension and chronic kidney disease, and were more likely to have severe complications post-procedure, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies in managing this demographic in cardiovascular care.
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