Multilayer x-ray mirrors have been deposited using a dc triode sputtering system, which incorporates an accurate method of thickness monitoring based on the dependence of the deposition rate on the target current. Thickness can be controlled with an accuracy of better than 0.1 A. High efficiency W-C and Ni-C multilayer mirrors have been synthesized and tested at 1.54-A (CuKoalpha) and 44.79-A (CKalpha). Absolute reflectivity measurements at lambda = 44.79-A (CKalpha) have been carried out. In this case the incident beam is previously polarized by a premonochromator equipped with a pair of parallel-plane multilayer mirrors fixed at an angle close to the Brewster (theta ? 45 degrees ). Thus the measured reflectivities are not affected by a progressive variation of the P-component.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.29.000477 | DOI Listing |
Australas Psychiatry
January 2025
Consortium of Australian-Academic Psychiatrists for Independent Policy and Research Analysis (CAPIPRA), Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Objective: The Australian Institute of Health and Welfare publishes statistical indicator reports on the specialised mental health workforce. These include data for 2022-2023 on psychiatrists, mental health nurses, mental health occupational therapists, psychologists and mental health social workers. We provide a brief commentary on these reports, reflecting upon the implications of such changes for psychiatric practice and patient care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccines (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway.
Background/objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary cause of high-grade cervical lesions and cervical cancer worldwide. In Norway, HPV vaccination was introduced in 2009 for seventh-grade girls and extended through a catch-up program from 2016 to 2019 for women born between 1991 and 1996. This study evaluates the impact of the catch-up vaccination program on the incidence of HPV and high-grade cervical lesions in Troms and Finnmark.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetabolites
January 2025
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05030, Republic of Korea.
: The currently established equations for calculating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) do not reflect the sex-specific differences in lipid metabolism. We aimed to develop a sex-specific LDLc equation (SSLE) and validate it with three established equations (Friedewald, Sampson-NIH, and ext-Martin-Hopkins) against direct LDLc measurement in Korean adults. This study included 23,757 subjects (51% male; median age, 51 years) from the 2009-2022 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiosensors (Basel)
January 2025
Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology, which offers both spatial and spectral information, holds significant potential for enhancing diagnostic performance during endoscopy and other medical procedures. However, quantitative evaluation of HSI cameras is challenging due to various influencing factors (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
January 2025
Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, China.
The spectral reflectance provides valuable information regarding vegetation growth and plays an important role in agriculture, forestry, and grassland management. In this study, a small, portable vegetation canopy reflectance (VCR) sensor that can operate throughout the day was developed. The sensor includes two optical bands at 710 nm and 870 nm, with the light separated by filters, and has a field of view of 28°.
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