All neural networks are characterized by a large number of interconnections between processor nodes. In general, the value of these interconnections (weights) must be modifiable. However, current semiconductor technology does not lend itself well to modifiable interconnection technology. A novel type of spatial light modulator, the deformable mirror device, is proposed as the breakthrough needed to solve the neural network interconnect problem.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.28.004900 | DOI Listing |
Radiol Case Rep
March 2025
Advanced Radiology Services, P.C., Grand Rapids, Michigan.
"Situs inversus with levocardia" refers to the mirror-image lateral orientation of the abdominal organs with a normally oriented, left-sided heart. This anatomical anomaly arises from abnormalities in the biochemical signaling systems mediating embryological development. We present a case of situs inversus with levocardia incidentally discovered in a healthy 24-year-old male during workup following a motor vehicle collision.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTaiwan J Obstet Gynecol
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christan Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Objective: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal 13q34 microdeletion is a rare condition, which may present with abnormal fetal development, including facial dysmorphism, mental retardation, and developmental delay. We present a pregnant woman in whom the fetus presented with a 0.24-cm ventricular septal defect at 20 weeks of gestation, with fetal 13q34 (113610612-115092648) deletion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobiol Dis
January 2025
Neurobiology and Molecular Medicine Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy. Electronic address:
Biallelic mutations in the SACS gene, encoding sacsin, cause early-onset autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS), a neurodegenerative disease also characterized by unique and poorly understood retinal abnormalities. While two murine models replicate the phenotypic and neuronal features observed in patients, no retinal phenotype has been described so far. In a zebrafish knock-out strain that faithfully mirrors the main aspects of ARSACS, we observed impaired visual function due to photoreceptor degeneration, likely caused by cell cycle defects in progenitor cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
December 2024
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
Defect detection and classification in super-high reflector mirrors and their substrates are crucial for manufacturing laser gyroscope systems. This paper presents a prototype designed to meet the requirements for the reflection and transmission of laser gyroscope mirror substrates. The prototype featured two measurement channels (bright field and dark field) and could detect defects on patterned and unpatterned surfaces.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntioxidants (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) play critical roles in causing kidney injury in HTN.
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