Background: Studying secondary hematological malignancies in a large cohort of patients can help predict risks and trends associated with current therapies.
Methods: The authors analyzed data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Resultsecondary 9 (SEER-9) database on patients with a primary malignancy (diagnosed before the age of 20 years) between 1973 and 2005 who developed a secondary hematological malignancy. Primary cancer and histological subtype, incidence, risk factors, outcomes, and changes in risk patterns of secondary hematological malignancies were analyzed for 1973 to 1985, 1986 to 1995, and 1996 to 2005. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of observed to expected cancers were calculated.
Results: Of 34,867 patients with a histology-confirmed primary malignancy, 111 developed secondary hematological malignancies (median, 44 months). Lymphoma was the commonest primary cancer (n = 47). The main histological subtype of secondary hematological malignancy was acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (49%), which had the shortest median latency time and the worst 5-year survival (18% ± 5.3%; P = .044). Secondary Hodgkin lymphoma had the best 5-year survival (83% ± 15%). The 5-year overall survival for patients with secondary hematological malignancies was 31% ± 4.7%. The risk of secondary AML steadily increased from 1986 to 2005, whereas SIRs for acute lymphoblastic leukemia did not change over time. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the second most common secondary hematological malignancy, occurred at a median of 112 months, and its risk steadily increased over time periods.
Conclusions: Childhood cancer survivors are at increased risk of developing secondary hematological malignancies, particularly secondary AML. This risk has continued to rise even in recent years, emphasizing the need to study other factors contributing to secondary hematological malignancies and closely monitor these patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25313 | DOI Listing |
Elife
January 2025
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
Natural killer (NK) cells can control metastasis through cytotoxicity and IFN-γ production independently of T cells in experimental metastasis mouse models. The inverse correlation between NK activity and metastasis incidence supports a critical role for NK cells in human metastatic surveillance. However, autologous NK cell therapy has shown limited benefit in treating patients with metastatic solid tumors.
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January 2025
Unidade Local de Saúde de São João, Porto, Portugal.
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January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
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Methods: We conducted a single-arm phase II trial enrolling pts with advanced, progressive extra-pancreatic NET.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Med
January 2025
Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Long-term risks of gene therapy are not fully understood. In this study, we evaluated safety outcomes in 783 patients over more than 2,200 total patient-years of observation from 38 T cell therapy trials. The trials employed integrating gammaretroviral or lentiviral vectors to deliver engineered receptors to target HIV-1 infection or cancer.
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