We utilize the recent successful overexpression of recombinant Plasmodium falciparum multi-drug resistance transporter, purification and reconstitution of the protein, and a novel high affinity chloroquine analogue to probe hypothesized interaction between the transporter and quinoline drugs. Results suggest that PfMDR1 binding sites for chloroquine, mefloquine, and quinine overlap, that P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter has intrinsically higher affinity for chloroquine relative to P. falciparum multi-drug resistance transporter, and that there is an isoform specific competition between the two transporters for binding of quinoline antimalarial drugs.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.05.012 | DOI Listing |
Molecules
December 2024
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
As the resistance of to the existing antimalarials increases, there is a crucial need to expand the antimalarial drug pipeline. We recently identified potent antimalarial compounds, namely harmiquins, hybrids derived from the β-carboline alkaloid harmine and 4-amino-7-chloroquinoline, a key structural motif of chloroquine (CQ). To further explore the structure-activity relationship, we synthesised 13 novel hybrid compounds at the position -9 of the β-carboline ring and evaluated their efficacy in vitro against 3D7 and Dd2 strains (CQ sensitive and multi-drug resistant, respectively).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Parasit Dis
December 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Global Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (Affiliated to Veer Madho Singh Bhandari Uttarakhand Technical University), Kashipur, 244713 India.
Malaria remains a global health challenge with significant mortality and morbidity annually, with resistant parasite strains complicating treatment efforts. There is an acute need for novel antimalarial drugs that can put a stop to the future public health crisis caused by the multi-drug resistance strains of the parasite However, the discovery of these new components is very challenging in the context of the generation of multi-drug resistance properties of malaria. The novel drugs also need to have several properties involving enhanced therapeutic prospects, successful treatment capabilities, and novel mechanisms of action that will forestall the resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
November 2024
Institute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia. Electronic address:
To achieve malaria eradication, new preventative agents that act differently to front-line treatment drugs are needed. To identify potential chemoprevention starting points we screened a sub-set of the CSIRO Australia Compound Collection for compounds with slow-action in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum. This work identified N,N-dialkyl-5-alkylsulfonyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amines as a new antiplasmodial chemotype (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antimicrob Chemother
November 2024
LCC-CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.
Background: Ganaplacide, also known as KAF156, is among the new antimalarial drug candidates that have successfully reached Phase III clinical trials, and is proposed in combination with lumefantrine. This combination could replace the current front-line artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) in case of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to both artemisinins and partner drugs. Indeed, the African continent, where the malaria burden is the highest, is currently experiencing worrying multiple emergences and spread of artemisinin resistance, which urges for the exploration of the antiparasitic properties of KAF156 in this context.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
September 2024
Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL, 33620, United States; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States. Electronic address:
The increase in research funding for the development of antimalarials since 2000 has led to a surge of new chemotypes with potent antimalarial activity. High-throughput screens have delivered several thousand new active compounds in several hundred series, including the 4,7-diphenyl-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydroquinolines, hereafter termed dihydropyridines (DHPs). We optimized the DHPs for antimalarial activity.
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