Effect of venlafaxine on bone loss associated with ligature-induced periodontitis in Wistar rats.

J Negat Results Biomed

Laboratory of Neurosciences and Behavior, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, CEP 60430-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.

Published: June 2010

Background: The present study investigated the effects of venlafaxine, an antidepressant drug with immunoregulatory properties on the inflammatory response and bone loss associated with experimental periodontal disease (EPD).

Materials And Methods: Wistar rats were subjected to a ligature placement around the second upper left molar. The treated groups received orally venlafaxine (10 or 50 mg/kg) one hour before the experimental periodontal disease induction and daily for 10 days. Vehicle-treated experimental periodontal disease and a sham-operated (SO) controls were included. Bone loss was analyzed morphometrically and histopathological analysis was based on cell influx, alveolar bone, and cementum integrity. Lipid peroxidation quantification and immunohistochemistry to TNF-alpha and iNOS were performed.

Results: Experimental periodontal disease rats showed an intense bone loss compared to SO ones (SO = 1.61 +/- 1.36; EPD = 4.47 +/- 1.98 mm, p < 0.001) and evidenced increased cellular infiltration and immunoreactivity for TNF-alpha and iNOS. Venlafaxine treatment while at low dose (10 mg/kg) afforded no significant protection against bone loss (3.25 +/- 1.26 mm), a high dose (50 mg/kg) caused significantly enhanced bone loss (6.81 +/- 3.31 mm, p < 0.05). Venlafaxine effectively decreased the lipid peroxidation but showed no significant change in TNF-alpha or iNOS immunoreactivity.

Conclusion: The increased bone loss associated with high dose venlafaxine may possibly be a result of synaptic inhibition of serotonin uptake.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2895576PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-5751-9-3DOI Listing

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