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Oral features and dental health in Hurler Syndrome following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - Hurler Syndrome is characterized by a deficiency in a lysosomal enzyme that affects the breakdown of glycosaminoglycans, leading to organ dysfunction; hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in early infancy helps mitigate these issues.
  • - A study of 25 post-HSCT patients, averaging 8.6 years old, found notable dental developmental delays and various occlusal anomalies, such as open-bite and class III skeletal base, alongside dental anomalies like hypodontia and enamel defects.
  • - While the prevalence of dental caries was low in permanent teeth, primary teeth showed higher decay rates, indicating that patients often require oral hygiene interventions, highlighting the need for ongoing dental care in this population

Article Abstract

Background: Hurler Syndrome is associated with a deficiency of a specific lysosomal enzyme involved in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in early infancy is undertaken to help prevent the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans and improve organ function.

Aim: To investigate the oral features and dental health of patients with Hurler Syndrome who have undergone successful HSCT.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five patients (median age 8.6 years) post-HSCT (mean age 9.4 months) underwent oral assessment (mean of 7.5 years post-HSCT).

Results: Dental development was delayed. Numerous occlusal anomalies were noted including: open-bite, class III skeletal base, dental spacing, primary molar infra-occlusion and ectopic tooth eruption. Dental anomalies included hypodontia, microdontia, enamel defects, thin tapering canine crowns, pointed molar cusps, bulbous molar crowns and molar taurodontism. Tooth roots were usually short/blunted/spindle-like in permanent molars. The prevalence of dental caries was low in the permanent dentition (mean DMFT 0.7) but high in the primary dentition (mean dmft 2.4). Oral hygiene instruction with plaque and or calculus removal was indicated in 71% of those that were dentate.

Conclusion: Patients with Hurler Syndrome post-HSCT are likely to have delayed dental development, a malocclusion, and dental anomalies, particularly hypodontia and microdontia.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-263X.2010.01055.xDOI Listing

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