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Data to Care (D2C) strategies - using routine data to facilitate identification and linkage back to care of people living with HIV who are not in care - have shown promise in high-income settings but received little attention in lower resourced or vertical HIV transmission prevention (VTP) contexts. In this proof-of-concept study, we monitored existing linked electronic medical records in near real-time to identify key gaps in postpartum VTP steps among 336 mothers living with HIV and their infants in Cape Town, South Africa (recruited March 2021 - April 2022). We attempted to confirm observed gaps through source data systems and telephonic tracing, and facilitated re-engagement in care where needed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF'Some parts of the consent form are written using complex scientific language': community perspectives on informed consent for research with pregnant and lactating mothers in Uganda.
BMC Med Ethics
December 2024
Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Background: Appropriate language use is essential to ensure inclusion of diverse populations in research. We aimed to identify possible language-related barriers regarding the informed consent process and propose interventions to improve clarity and understanding of pregnant and breastfeeding women participating in research.
Methods: A cross-sectional qualitative study employing focus group discussions (FGD) was conducted in Uganda from August 2023 to September 2023, involving a diverse group of stakeholders from the community, including community members, research participants, and Community Advisory Board members.
A potential gateway to understanding liver disease development: peripartum lipid fluctuations in dairy cows.
Front Cell Dev Biol
November 2024
Clinic for Ruminants and Swine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Current lifestyles are leading to a worldwide increase in metabolic liver diseases that favor the development of liver disease. Changes in hepatocytes are caused by altered lipid concentrations, oxidative stress or toxicity by individual lipids. The complexity of the underlying processes and differences of the pathology to proposed rodent models makes the development of an effective targeted therapy difficult.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic characteristics of the coronet scores related to Holstein cattle hoof health in Japan.
Anim Sci J
December 2024
Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
Hoof disorders are crucial factors leading to dairy cattle culling. These disorders are difficult to detect, diagnose, and record, causing animal health problems and serious economic losses. The coronet score is a new hoof health indicator developed by the Dairy Herd Improvement Program of Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevalence of orthorexia nervosa in clinical and non-clinical populations: a systematic review.
CNS Spectr
December 2024
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 67 Via Roma, 56126Pisa, Italy.
Objective: Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is characterized by the pursuit of extreme dietary purity due to an exaggerated focus on food quality that could ultimately lead to a new kind of eating disorder. Even though researchers have tried to reach a univocal description of ON, to this date, there is no consensus on its diagnostic criteria, making it considerably more difficult to develop a valid questionnaire for assessing the symptoms of ON and to assess its actual prevalence. The aim of this review was to evaluate and gather scientific evidence about the prevalence of ON in both clinical and non-clinical adult populations, using the main validated scale for ON evaluation.
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