Staged urethroplasty is a well-known procedure for urethral reconstruction that had already been described by Russell in 1914 and was later popularized by Johanson, Turner-Warwick, Blandy, and Schreiter. It lends itself to the treatment of complex anterior urethral stricture in combination with lichen sclerosus, failed correction of hypospadias, fistula, via falsa, abscess, carcinoma, or previously unsuccessful urethroplasty. Perineal urethrostomy can be performed as a temporary or definitive measure. Some patients even decline further urethral reconstruction because they perceive subjective satisfaction after perineal urethrostomy that was originally intended to be temporary.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00120-010-2312-x | DOI Listing |
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a complex and heterogeneous condition associated with chronic physiological and neuropsychological disturbances (1-4). One notable neuropsychological effect observed in OSA patients is memory impairment (2,5). Additionally, some reports suggest that OSA may be associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (4).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Alzheimer's disease (AD), a complex and polygenic disease with a considerable hereditary component (60-80%), is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by concealed onset, and individuals often have significant cognitive impairment and histopathological changes in the brain before overt clinical diagnosis. However, the correlations between genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with comprehensive brain regions at a regional scale are still not well understood. We aim to explore whether these associations vary across different age stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Universidad de La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain.
Background: The brain undergoes structural changes during aging, such as gray matter loss, enlarged ventricles, and sulcal widening. However, previous studies have primarily investigated these changes in isolation, without describing the complex spatial relationships between overall brain shape and regions. Here, we tested how gradients of expansion and compression of the global shape of the brain as well as between homologous brain regions across hemispheres are affected by age, and whether these changes further contribute to clinical impairment and cognitive deficits in older adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.
White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are frequently observed in ageing individuals, and have a higher prevalence in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. Ex-vivo assessments of the microstructural alterations within WMHs have reported heterogeneous tissue alterations, with demyelination, axonal loss, and inflammation presenting with various degrees of severity. There is a crucial need to better assess the severity of WMH microstructural alterations in vivo, in particular with the emergence of anti-amyloid immunotherapies and the associated risk of Amyloid Related Imaging Abnormalities (ARIAs) in individuals with comorbid vascular disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Imaging Laboratory (AIBIL), Center for and Data Science for Integrated Diagnostics (AI2D), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: Late-life obesity has been reported to have a negative relationship with risk for dementia and has been associated with lower risk of incident Alzheimer's disease (AD) in non-demented individuals. However, associations of obesity and cognition solely in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is unknown. These associations may be confounded by vascular risk that contributes to metabolic syndrome (MetS).
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