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| http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5049.60508 | DOI Listing |
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Skeletal Muscle Relaxants and Their Impact on Intracranial Pressure in Neurosurgery.
Med Sci Monit
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology, University Clinical Hospital No. 1 Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
Skeletal muscle relaxants have their place in everyday use in numerous anesthesiological procedures, such as preparing a patient for surgery, supporting mechanical ventilation, and performing effective intubation. These drugs can be divided, based on their mechanism of action, into depolarizing skeletal relaxants, such as succinylcholine, and non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxants. Non-depolarizing agents are further categorized, based on their structure, into steroidal (eg, rocuronium) and benzylisoquinoline (eg, atracurium) compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDantrolene inhibition of ryanodine receptor 1 carrying the severe malignant hyperthermia mutation Y522S visualized by cryo-EM.
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December 2024
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA. Electronic address:
Mutations in the skeletal isoform of the ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1) pose grave risks during anesthesia or treatment with succinylcholine muscle relaxants. These can trigger a potentially lethal malignant hyperthermia (MH) episode via intracellular calcium increase mainly from RyR1 channel leakage. Dantrolene is the only known treatment option to prevent death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Review of Muscle Relaxants in Anesthesia in Patients with Neuromuscular Disorders Including Guillain-Barré Syndrome, Myasthenia Gravis, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease, and Inflammatory Myopathies.
Med Sci Monit
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Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Anesthesia management in neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) is a complex challenge, requiring careful preoperative evaluation, tailored treatment strategies, and vigilant perioperative monitoring. This review examines the nuances of anesthesia in patients with NMD, addressing potential complications such as intubation difficulties, respiratory failure, and adverse effects of anesthetics and neuromuscular conduction blocking agents (NMBAs). Nondepolarizing NMBAs, including steroidal agents and benzylisoquinolines, are analyzed for their role, risks, and optimal use based on procedural requirements and patient characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluence of Anesthesiology Protocol on the Quality of Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring During Thyroid Surgery, One-Year Single Center Experience.
Diagnostics (Basel)
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Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Article Synopsis
- Anesthesia is crucial for intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) during thyroid and parathyroid surgeries, as this study investigates its effects on signal quality.
- The study involved 72 patients and compared the impact of two muscle relaxants—succinylcholine and rocuronium bromide—while using either total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) or combined anesthesia.
- Results showed that unwanted movements occurred more frequently with TIVA and succinylcholine, but the type of anesthesia maintenance and muscle relaxant did not significantly affect nerve signal quality.
Muscular dystrophy encompasses a group of genetic conditions with progressive muscle damage and weakness. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) are X-linked recessive disorders that affect the production of the protein dystrophin. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is typically an X-linked-recessive disorder involving the gene that codes for emerin.
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