Early steps tracing back to Galileo's telescope and to the birth of instrumental optics are reported. Particulars of lensmaking technology, basic optics laws, concepts of eye and vision, and issues on instrument trade and service are given. Achievements at the roots of our continuing advances in optical sciences are acknowledged.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.49.0000D1 | DOI Listing |
Nature
October 2024
Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria.
Nature
July 2024
Department of Astrophysics, University of Vienna, Wien, Austria.
Black holes have been found over a wide range of masses, from stellar remnants with masses of 5-150 solar masses (M), to those found at the centres of galaxies with M > 10M. However, only a few debated candidate black holes exist between 150M and 10M. Determining the population of these intermediate-mass black holes is an important step towards understanding supermassive black hole formation in the early universe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensors (Basel)
December 2023
Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via Alessandro Pascoli, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
The ASTRI Mini-Array is an international collaboration led by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) that will operate nine telescopes to perform Cherenkov and optical stellar intensity interferometry (SII) observations. At the focal plane of these telescopes, we are planning to install a stellar intensity interferometry instrument. Here we present the selected design, based on Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) detectors matching the telescope point spread function together with dedicated front-end electronics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
November 2023
Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei", Universita degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy.
Planets with radii between that of the Earth and Neptune (hereafter referred to as 'sub-Neptunes') are found in close-in orbits around more than half of all Sun-like stars. However, their composition, formation and evolution remain poorly understood. The study of multiplanetary systems offers an opportunity to investigate the outcomes of planet formation and evolution while controlling for initial conditions and environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarth Planets Space
November 2023
Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria.
Equipping Galileo satellites with a VLBI transmitter (VT) will allow to observe satellites next to quasars with Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) radio telescopes. This concept will facilitate the direct estimation of the satellite orbits in the celestial reference frame. Moreover, these observations along with usual Galileo observations can be used to transfer the space tie between the VT and the antenna on the Galileo satellite to the Earth surface realizing the frame tie at the geodetic site with VLBI radio telescope and Galileo antenna.
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