To detect orthopoxvirus in the Brazilian Amazon, we conducted a serosurvey of 344 wild animals. Neutralizing antibodies against orthopoxvirus were detected by plaque-reduction neutralizing tests in 84 serum samples. Amplicons from 6 monkey samples were sequenced. These amplicons identified vaccinia virus genetically similar to strains from bovine vaccinia outbreaks in Brazil.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3086250PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1606.091187DOI Listing

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