Effect of extended-release niacin or ezetimibe on carotid intimal thickness: the ARBITER-HALTS Study.

Curr Atheroscler Rep

Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Room 525D, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Published: September 2010

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11883-010-0087-6DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • This study examines how niacin and omega-3 fatty acids affect HDL-apolipoprotein A-I exchange (HAE), a function of HDL related to cholesterol transport, in individuals with metabolic syndrome.
  • Over 16 weeks, participants received placebo, niacin (2g/day), omega-3 (4g/day), or a combination, with results showing significant increases in HAE for both niacin (15.1%) and omega-3 (11.1%) compared to placebo.
  • Notably, omega-3 therapy showed increased HAE without raising traditional markers like HDL cholesterol or apoA-I levels, indicating the assay's ability to detect functional HDL changes independent of conventional measures.
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Niacin, an important component of a balanced diet, is central to lipid metabolism. Occasionally used to treat hyperlipidemia, niacin is widely available without a prescription, making its use often unknown to treating physicians. Severe hepatotoxicity has been reported with niacin use.

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Effects of niacin on apo A1 and B levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Br J Nutr

April 2024

Oxford Brookes Centre for Nutrition and Health (OxBCNH), Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, OxfordOX3 0BP, UK.

Niacin has been investigated for its potential impact on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. This meta-analysis aims to systematically evaluate the effects of niacin interventions on apo A1 and apo B levels, key regulators of lipoprotein metabolism and markers of cardiovascular risk. A comprehensive search of the literature was performed on five databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane library, from inception up to 15 July 2023.

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Objectives: To evaluate the release profile of different modified-release oral formulations of niacin, such as immediate-release (IR) powder and tablets, timed-release (TR) caplets, extended-release (ER) capsules, and controlled-release (CR) tablets, to assure their defined release pattern and correlate this release with their matrix polymers.

Significance: Niacin is used to manage hyperlipidemia by reducing cutaneous flushing and hepatotoxicity adverse events. The release profiles of different types of modified-release dosage forms depend on the types of coating materials (polymers) used in the matrix formation.

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Background: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is associated with plaque progression and ischemic events, and plaque lipid content (% lipid core) predicts the residual atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. This study examined the impact of IPH on lipid content change in the setting of intensive lipid-lowering therapy.

Methods: In total, 214 AIM-HIGH (Atherothrombosis Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome with Low High-Density Lipoprotein/High Triglycerides: Impact on Global Health Outcomes) participants with clinically established ASCVD and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol received cartoid MRI at baseline and 2 years to assess changes in carotid morphology and composition.

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