AI Article Synopsis
- Emotional dysfunction in schizophrenia impacts overall well-being, but there are few studies on how antipsychotics affect dopamine-related fear responses.
- Conditioning tests have shown that the amygdala plays a crucial role in the emotional memory system under stress.
- Methamphetamine-sensitized rats exhibit higher dopamine release in the amygdala, indicating vulnerability to stress, and both aripiprazole and haloperidol can regulate dopamine levels in fear-conditioned scenarios.
Article Abstract
Although emotional dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia is thought to be associated with poorer outcomes in terms of overall quality of well-being, only a few basic studies have been done on the biochemical effect of antipsychotics on the fear response of a neurotransmitter (i.e. dopamine). To examine the reaction to emotional stress, conditioned fear stress has been developed as a form of psychological stress based on classical conditioning theory. Using this model, the amygdala was found to be one of the most potent modulators of the mechanisms responsible for the emotional memory system. Methamphetamine-induced sensitization (reverse tolerance phenomenon) in rats has been widely and successfully used as an animal model of stimulant-induced psychosis and schizophrenia in terms of the paranoid psychotic state and its vulnerability to relapse. Methamphetamine-sensitized animals show significantly higher extracellular dopamine release in the amygdala than unsensitized rats after exposure to a conditioned stimulus. This hypersensitivity of dopamine release is considered to be a biochemical marker of hypersensitivity and vulnerability to stress in psychosis. Aripiprazole and haloperidol equally suppressed the marked increase in extracellular dopamine levels in fear-conditioned rats, whereas haloperidol increased and aripiprazole decreased basal dopamine levels. The effect of antipsychotics attenuates the dopamine fear response in the amygdala, modulating basal dopamine level.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Sotalol poisoning and its unique treatment considerations compared with traditional therapies for beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug poisoning.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
January 2025
Minnesota Regional Poison Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Introduction: Sotalol is a beta-adrenoceptor blocking drug with unique physical and pharmacologic properties. Unlike most beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, sotalol is amenable to extracorporeal removal and causes QT interval prolongation and ventricular dysrhythmias. These properties have implications for treating sotalol poisoning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynaptic enrichment and dynamic regulation of the two opposing dopamine receptors within the same neurons.
Elife
January 2025
Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Dopamine can play opposing physiological roles depending on the receptor subtype. In the fruit fly , and encode the D- and D-like receptors, respectively, and are reported to oppositely regulate intracellular cAMP levels. Here, we profiled the expression and subcellular localization of endogenous Dop1R1 and Dop2R in specific cell types in the mushroom body circuit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemperature and light dual-responsive hydrogels for anti-inflammation and wound repair monitoring.
J Mater Chem B
January 2025
National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China.
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic biological process that requires meticulous management to ensure optimal outcomes. Traditional wound dressings, such as gauze and bandages, although commonly used, often fall short in their frequent need for replacement, lack of real-time monitoring and absence of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which can lead to increased risk of infection and delayed healing. Here, we address these limitations by introducing an innovative hydrogel dressing, named PHDNN6, to combine wireless Bluetooth temperature monitoring and light-triggered nitric oxide (NO) release to enhance wound healing and management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic bupropion treatment reduces long-access cocaine self-administration in male and female rats.
J Psychopharmacol
January 2025
Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Background: More than 1 million people in the United States meet the criteria for cocaine use disorder (CUD), and over 19,000 people died from cocaine-related overdoses in 2020, but there are currently no FDA-approved medications for the treatment of CUD. Bupropion is an antidepressant currently prescribed to treat depression and nicotine addiction that acts by inhibiting norepinephrine and dopamine transporters.
Methods: In this study, we tested the effect of several doses of systemic bupropion on cocaine self-administration in male and female Wistar rats.
Long-term effects of adolescent versus adult nicotine self-administration on cholinergic modulation of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens core.
Drug Alcohol Depend
January 2025
Department of Translational Neuroscience, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. Electronic address:
Adolescence is a developmental period marked by significant alterations to brain neurobiology and behavior. Adolescent nicotine use disrupts developmental trajectories and increases vulnerability to maladaptive drug-taking in adulthood. The mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system, including the nucleus accumbens core (NAc), mediates the reinforcing effects of nicotine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!