AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Transcutaneous electrical stimulation is applied in a range of biomedical applications including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). tDCS is a non-invasive procedure where a weak direct current (<2 mA) is applied across the scalp to modulate brain function. High-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) is a technique used to increase the spatial focality of tDCS by passing current across the scalp using <12 mm diameter electrodes. The purpose of this study was to design and optimize "high-definition" electrode-gel parameters for electrode durability, skin safety and subjective pain. Anode and cathode electrode potential, temperature, pH and subjective sensation over time were assessed during application of 2 mA direct current, for up to 22 min on agar gel or subject forearms. A selection of five types of solid-conductors (Ag pellet, Ag/AgCl pellet, rubber pellet, Ag/AgCl ring and Ag/AgCl disc) and seven conductive gels (Signa, Spectra, Tensive, Redux, BioGel, Lectron and CCNY-4) were investigated. The Ag/AgCl ring in combination with CCNY-4 gel resulted in the most favorable outcomes. Under anode stimulations, electrode potential and temperature rises were generally observed in all electrode-gel combinations except for Ag/AgCl ring and disc electrodes. pH remained constant for all solid-conductors except for both Ag and rubber pellet electrodes with Signa and CCNY-4 gels. Sensation ratings were independent of stimulation polarity. Ag/AgCl ring electrodes were found to be the most comfortable followed by Ag, rubber and Ag/AgCl pellet electrodes across all gels.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2920288 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2010.05.007 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Dual-Stage Cross-Flow Filtration: Integrated Capture and Purification of Virus-Like Particles.
Biotechnol Bioeng
December 2024
Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are a versatile technology for the targeted delivery of genetic material through packaging and potential surface modifications for directed delivery or immunological issues. Although VLP production is relatively simple as they can be recombinantly produced using microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, their current downstream processing often relies on individually developed purification strategies. Integrating size-selective separation techniques may allow standardized platform processing across VLP purification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of vorasidenib in the treatment of isocitrate dehydrogenase-mutant glioma.
Neuro Oncol
December 2024
Center For Neuro-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumors in young adults. This condition imposes a substantial burden on patients and their caregivers, marked by neurocognitive deficits and high mortality rates due to tumor progression, coupled with significant morbidity from current treatment modalities. Although surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy improve survival, these treatments can adversely affect cognitive function, quality of life, finances, employment status, and overall independence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly Warning Signs for Eating Disorders in Children: A Realist Synthesis of Websites Summarizing Caregiver and Consumer Perspectives.
Int J Eat Disord
December 2024
Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia.
Objective: A larger number of younger children are being diagnosed with an eating disorder (ED), with parents typically reporting a delay between early warning signs (EWS) and seeking help. The aim of the current investigation was to identify the common EWS for EDs in children noticed by caregivers and consumers as reported on websites to inform earlier detection and intervention.
Method: A realist synthesis of websites summarizing caregiver and consumer perspectives on the EWS for EDs in children was conducted by searching Google, Bing, and Yahoo! for all years covered through 24 October 2023.
Probiotic interventions in peritoneal dialysis: A review of underlying mechanisms and therapeutic potentials.
World J Nephrol
December 2024
Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, State Institution "O.O. Shalimov National Scientific Center of Surgery and Transplantology of the National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine", Kyiv 03680, Ukraine.
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a commonly used modality for kidney replacement therapy for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). PD offers many benefits, including home-based care, greater flexibility, and preservation of residual kidney function compared to in-center hemodialysis. Nonetheless, patients undergoing PD often face significant challenges, including systemic inflammation, PD-related peritonitis, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular issues that can negatively affect their quality of life and treatment outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSalivaomics: A Revolutionary Non-invasive Approach for Oral Cancer Detection.
Cureus
November 2024
Oral Medicine and Radiology, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, IND.
Salivaomics has emerged as a ground-breaking field in the detection and management of oral cancer (OC), offering a non-invasive, efficient, and patient-friendly alternative to traditional diagnostic methods. This innovative approach leverages the comprehensive molecular insights provided by genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics. The potential of salivaomics lies in its ability to enable early detection, predict malignant transformation, and monitor treatment outcomes and disease recurrence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!