Objective: To evaluate the effects of gestational weight gain (GWG) on maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Materials And Methods: During 2009, women in the immediate puerperium were assessed at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Hospital in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico. GWG was considered optimal when < or =18 kg, < or =16 kg, < or =11.5 kg and < or =9 kg for women who, before pregnancy, were underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese, respectively.
Results: A total of 38% of women gained more than the recommended weight during pregnancy Women with normal weight previous to pregnancy who exceeded gestational weight-gain recommendations had a risk of oligo/polyhydramnios (OR 2.1, CI 95% 1.04-4.2) and cesarean delivery; overweight women previous to pregnancy had an increased risk of preeclampsia (OR 2.2 CI 95% I.I-4.6) and newborn macrosomia (OR 2.5, CI 95% 1.1-5.6); and obese women had a risk of newborn macrosomía (OR 6.6 IC 95% I.8-23). Pre-pregnancy weight was more greatly associated with gestational diabetes than gestational weight gain.
Conclusions: Women whose weight gain during pregnancy is outside of the recommended ranges had an increased risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
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