Cardiotoxicity of hydralazine and minoxidil in the rat. Influence of age.

In this study, the cardiotoxicity of isoproterenol, hydralazine and minoxidil was compared between young (1.5 months old) and mature (5 months old) rats. Both age classes were also compared for the effect of hydralazine on blood pressure and heart rate. For the 3 compounds, myocardial necrosis was observed and was more marked in mature than in young rats. The age-related increase in sensitivity to cardiotoxic effects which has already been described for isoproterenol, can therefore be extended to hydralazine and minoxidil. Hydralazine produced hypotension and reflex tachycardia. This latter effect appeared to have a longer duration in mature animals, which may be one of the explanation for their increased sensitivity to the cardiotoxic effect of the compound.