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Sniffed levamisole-adulterated cocaine mimicking acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis.
Pract Neurol
December 2024
Neurology, Griffith University School of Medicine and Dentistry, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
A 38-year-old man developed headache, dysarthria and dysphasia after insufflation of cocaine. Brain imaging showed multiple white matter lesions, suggesting acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), but the clinical features were atypical for demyelination. These lesions may represent a levamisole-associated vascular endotheliopathy, with a mechanism similar to posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBone Marrow Failure due to Aplastic Anemia, Associated With Serous Fat Atrophy, and Treated With Allogeneic, Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report.
Case Rep Hematol
November 2024
Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
We describe the case of a 27-year-old male, previously healthy though with a social history notable for recreational cocaine use, who developed bone marrow failure due to aplastic anemia (AA) with associated serous fat atrophy (SFA). After the SFA was corrected with nutritional supplementation, the patient underwent successful allogeneic, haploidentical stem cell transplantation with a regimen designed to treat AA. To our knowledge, this is the first case of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) performed following correction of SFA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCocaine- and Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis: Defining the Spectrum of Autoimmune Manifestations.
J Clin Med
August 2024
Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Drug-induced vasculitis is a common type that mimics ANCA vasculitis, often linked to cocaine and levamisole use.
- These substances lead to various autoimmune conditions, including cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions and forms of vasculitis, creating a complex overlap in symptoms.
- The exact mechanisms of how cocaine causes these autoimmune issues remain unclear, complicating diagnosis and treatment, especially when there's no suspicion of drug abuse.
[Multilocular pyoderma gangrenosum from levamisole adulterated cocaine].
Dermatologie (Heidelb)
August 2024
Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Deutschland.
Levamisole Impairs Vascular Function by Blocking α-Adrenergic Receptors and Reducing NO Bioavailability in Rabbit Renal Artery.
Cardiovasc Toxicol
August 2024
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Levamisole is an anthelmintic drug restricted to veterinary use but is currently detected as the most widely used cocaine cutting agent in European countries. Levamisole-adulterated cocaine has been linked to acute kidney injury, marked by a decrease in glomerular filtration rate, which involves reduced renal blood flow, but data on the alteration of renovascular response produced by levamisole are scarce. Renal arteries were isolated from healthy rabbits and used for isometric tension recording in organ baths and protein analysis.
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