Object: Although cognitive impairment has been reported in adults with moyamoya disease (MMD), its relationship with cerebral hemodynamic disturbances has not been investigated. The aims of the present study were to confirm the presence of dysexecutive cognitive syndrome (DCS) in adults with MMD and to explore the relationship of DCS with frontal lobe perfusion as measured by perfusion MR imaging.
Methods: Cerebral blood volume (CBV) ratio and mean transit time delay were measured in frontal and temporoparietal regions using the cerebellum as a reference region in 10 European adults with MMD. In addition, the authors calculated the cerebrovascular reserve (CVR) using the CBV ratio and the acetazolamide challenge. All patients underwent a standardized neuropsychological assessment test battery. The authors defined DCS as an impairment shown on 3 tests or more of executive function.
Results: The authors found DCS in 6 patients. The frontal CVR was lower in patients with DCS than in patients without DCS (mean ± SD: -13.5 ± 13.2% and 20.3 ± 21.3%; p = 0.019, Mann-Whitney U-test). Other parameters of frontal perfusion and temporoparietal CVR were not correlated with DCS.
Conclusions: The authors' findings suggest that DCS is common in European adults with MMD and may be related to frontal perfusion impairment.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.4.JNS091808 | DOI Listing |
JACC Clin Electrophysiol
January 2025
Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
Background: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) substrate characteristics before transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) in repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF) are unknown.
Objectives: In this study, the authors sought to evaluate substrates for sustained monomorphic VT before TPVR in rTOF.
Methods: Retrospective (2017 to 2021) and prospective (commencing 2021) rTOF patients with native right ventricular outflow tract referred for electrophysiology study (EPS) before TPVR were included.
Hepatology
February 2025
Department of Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Background And Aims: Around 750,000 patients per year will be cured of HCV infection until 2030. Those with compensated advanced chronic liver disease remain at risk for hepatic decompensation and de novo HCC. Algorithms have been developed to stratify risk early after cure; however, data on long-term outcomes and the prognostic utility of these risk stratification algorithms at later time points are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultimed Man Cardiothorac Surg
January 2025
• Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany • Congenital Cardiac Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Munich, Germany • European Pediatric Heart Center EKHZ Munich, Munich, Germany.
This procedure is carried out via a full sternotomy using standard aortic and bicaval cannulations. For the aortic and pulmonary anastomoses, selective antegrade unilateral cerebral perfusion is used after cooling the body temperature to 26 °Celsius. A 12-mm Hancock conduit is interposed between the pulmonary artery and the proximal descending aorta using standard running suture techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Antibiot
September 2024
Research and Education, Clinical Research Education and Management Services (CREAMS), Lilongwe, Malawi.
Background: Childhood remains a vulnerable period and a key determiner for adult health. Various illnesses experienced by children in their early years determine future performance and contribution to society. Acute and chronic infectious diseases, undernutrition, and early childhood non-communicable diseases have greatly been linked to intellectual disability, poor childhood development, increased morbidity, and household and healthcare economic costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychophysiology
January 2025
Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
The decline in noradrenergic (NE) locus coeruleus (LC) function in aging is thought to be implicated in episodic memory decline. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), which supports LC function, might serve to preserve or improve memory function in aging. However, taVNS effects are generally very heterogeneous, and it is currently unclear whether taVNS has an effect on memory.
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