Inhibitors of dynamin-dependent endocytosis (dynamin inhibitory peptide and dynasore) and inhibitors of tubulin (colchicine and vinblastine) decrease the depression of acetylcholine-induced inward current in command neurons of Helix defensive behavior under conditions of rhythmical local applications of acetylcholine to a neuron soma in a cellular model of habituation. Mathematical model which allows for the possibility of different localizations of receptors in a neuron and characteristics of receptor travel makes it possible to analyze the dependence of the current depression on some intracellular processes. We suggest that the cholinosensitivity depression of extrasynaptic membrane zones in command neurons of Helix defensive behavior in the cellular model of habituation under study is associated with dynamin-dependent endocytosis of cholinoreceptors with involvement of cytoskeleton microtubules.
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ACS Biomater Sci Eng
January 2025
Mechanical Engineering Department, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts 01609, United States.
Mechanical properties of engineered connective tissues are critical for their success, yet modern sensors that measure physical qualities of tissues for quality control are invasive and destructive. The goal of this work was to develop a noncontact, nondestructive method to measure mechanical attributes of engineered skin substitutes during production without disturbing the sterile culture packaging. We optimized a digital holographic vibrometry (DHV) system to measure the mechanical behavior of Apligraf living cellular skin substitute through the clear packaging in multiple conditions: resting on solid agar as when the tissue is shipped, on liquid media in which it is grown, and freely suspended in air as occurs when the media is removed for feeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry, and Visual Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Purpose: Changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) may have measurable effects on the retina, which may facilitate early detection due to the eye's accessibility. Retinal pathology and the regulation of serine racemase (SR) were investigated in the retinas of APP(SW)/PS1(∆E9) mice.
Methods: SR in the retinas and the content of D-serine in the aqueous humor were analyzed.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto. Córdoba, Argentina.
Purpose: Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic biocondensates formed in response to various cellular stressors, contributing to cell survival. Although implicated in diverse pathologies, their role in retinal degeneration (RD) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate SG formation in the retina and its induction by excessive LED light in an RD model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInvest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the therapeutic potential of the novel combination of Bacillus bacteriophage lysin (PlyB) and a synthetic TLR2/4 inhibitor (oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, OxPAPC) in the treatment of experimental Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis.
Methods: C57BL/6J mice were injected with 100 colony forming units (CFUs) Bacillus cereus to induce endophthalmitis. Two hours postinfection, groups of mice were treated with either PlyB, PlyB with OxPAPC, or the groups were left untreated to serve as a control.
ACS Chem Biol
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Binghamton University, the State University of New York, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States.
RNA interference (RNAi) has rapidly matured as a novel therapeutic approach. In this field, chemical modifications have been critical to the clinical success of short interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Notwithstanding the significant advances, achieving robust durability and gene silencing in extrahepatic tissues, as well as reducing off-target effects of siRNA, are areas where chemical modifications can still improve siRNA performance.
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