Endorsement: South African Thoracic Society, South African Society of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, United South African Neonatal Association.
Objective: To develop and publish a guideline for doctors managing acute viral bronchiolitis, because this condition is extremely common in South Africa, it is responsible for significant morbidity in the population, and subsequently a great deal of patient and parental distress, and the disease is costly, since many children are unnecessarily subjected to investigations and treatment strategies that are of no proven benefit. The main aims of the guideline are to promote an improved standard of treatment based on understanding of the disease and its management, and to encourage cost-effective and appropriate management.
Evidence: A detailed literature review was conducted and summarised into this document by a selected working group of paediatricians from around the country. Recommendations. These include the appropriate diagnostic and management strategies for acute viral bronchiolitis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/samj.4016 | DOI Listing |
BMJ Paediatr Open
December 2024
Department of Community Paediatrics, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: The Convention on the Rights of the Child states that children need to be protected from 'any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the child's education, or to be harmful to the child's health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development'. We aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of child labour in five low-income African countries using the sixth wave of UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS6).
Methods: Data on child labour, reported by the household respondent for a randomly selected child (5-17 years), were extracted from MICS6 reports from Chad, Guinea Bissau, Malawi, Sierra Leone and Togo.
Mar Pollut Bull
December 2024
Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, South Africa. Electronic address:
Microplastics are widespread pollutants of estuarine ecosystems. Seagrasses have been hypothesized to filter microplastics through their dense meadows, yet the mechanisms governing their interaction with microplastics are not well understood, particularly within a South African context. Here we compared how microplastics might accumulate in the sediments associated with Zostera capensis meadows across dense and patchy meadows and unvegetated sediment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsect Mol Biol
December 2024
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
Sex determination pathways regulate male and female-specific development and differentiation and offer potential targets for genetic pest management methods. Insect sex determination pathways are comprised of primary signals, relay genes and terminal genes. Primary signals of coleopteran, dipteran, hymenopteran and lepidopteran species are highly diverse and regulate the sex-specific splicing of relay genes based on the primary signal dosage, amino acid composition or the interaction with paternally inherited genes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
December 2024
Division of Psychology and Mental Health and Manchester Centre for Health Psychology (MCHP), School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Heath, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
The sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of youths in sub-Saharan Africa are not being fully met, as evidenced by high rates of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections in this population. Understanding service needs and preferences of sub-Saharan African youths aged 10-24 years is critical for improving access and SRH outcomes and the focus of this systematic review of qualitative research. Four databases were searched with key words to identify relevant studies, supplemented by citation search, with an update in June 2023.
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