Redo surgery for failed colorectal or coloanal anastomosis: a valuable surgical challenge.

Background: Redo surgery (RS) in patients with failed anastomosis is a rare procedure, and data about this surgery are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the operative results and long-term outcomes of RS.

Methods: All patients who underwent RS between 1999 and 2008 were included. Data were analyzed from a prospective colorectal database. Failure of the procedure was defined as the inability to perform the RS or the inability to close the defunctioning stoma.

Results: Thirty-three patients (22 men) underwent the first surgery at a mean age of 53.4 years. Twenty-four had a colorectal anastomosis (CRA) and nine a coloanal anastomosis (CAA). The reasons for performing RS were stricture (n = 17), prior Hartmann procedure for complication on initial anastomosis (n = 6), chronic fistula (n = 5) or miscellaneous (n = 5). RS was impossible for 2 patients due to extensive adhesions. The mean operating time was 279 min (133-480) and the overall postoperative morbidity rate was 55%. The rate of anastomotic leakage and/or isolated pelvic abscess was 27%. After a mean delay of 3.9 months (0.3-16), 26 patients (79%) had a stoma closure. The mean number of stools per day was 3.2. The failure rates after new handsewn CAA and new stapled CRA were 33% (4/12) and 5% (1/19), respectively (P = .0385). The type of the former anastomosis influenced the success rate of restoring the intestinal continuity: failure rate after prior CAA was 56% and 8% after prior CRA (P = .0031).

Conclusion: Redo surgery for failure of previous CRA or CAA is feasible but requires a demanding surgical procedure with high short-term morbidity.