Objective: To examine the understanding of the reporting criteria of Hepatitis B (HB) and Hepatitis C (HC) of the medical staff in Yanbian Korean Minority autonomous prefecture and provide the advice for reporting HB and HC via network.
Method: Questionnaires were distributed to doctors in 7 hospitals by the method of stratified sampling.
Results: 48.3% of the medical staff thought that HBsAg carries should also be reported; The understanding of the reporting standards of HB and HC correctly was only 41.4% and 66.4% respectively. The understanding of the reporting standards of HB was different among professional staff in municipal hospital and in county-level hospital, which was lower at the municipal hospital; the reason for misunderstanding is mainly concentrated in HBsAg carriers as the report object; there was not difference of the understanding to the reporting standards of HB and HC among different title and work experience.
Conclusion: The medical staff among investigated hospitals had lower knowledgement to the reporting standards of HB and HC. Vigorous training should be conducted according to the criteria of hepatitis diagnosis, to ensure that the epidemic situation of HB and HC science and accuracy.
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J Prosthet Dent
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Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Foot and Ankle Division, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York City, NY 10002, USA. Electronic address:
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Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong, China. Electronic address:
R-loops, three-stranded nucleic acid structures composed of RNA-DNA hybrids, are increasingly recognized as central regulators of genomic stability and transcription. These structures play critical roles across various cellular processes, including DNA replication, repair, and gene regulation, with significant implications for stem cell biology and disease pathogenesis. This review comprehensively explores the molecular underpinnings of R-loop formation, emphasizing the dual nature of R-loops in both facilitating normal cellular functions and contributing to genomic instability.
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Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Building 20, Potsdam, Golm, Germany. Electronic address:
The phosphorylation of the storage carbohydrates, starch and glycogen, is a process that is fundamental to their physicochemical properties and their turnover. Therefore, the interest utilising phosphorylation as a biotechnological tool to customize polysaccharides has risen permanently. Today, the phosphoesterification of both carbohydrate forms is much better understood.
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School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Smart Medical Innovation Technology Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address:
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