Simple melanosis of the bladder is an uncommon condition with fewer than 15 reported cases characterized by multifocal, diffuse melanin pigmentation of the urothelial mucosa. It is frequently associated with urinary incontinence or urgency. Histologically, melanin granules are present within urothelial cells or lamina propria macrophages with or without bland-appearing mucosal melanocytes. Although considered a benign entity, the rarity of the lesion warrants regular follow-up cystoscopic evaluation with biopsies to screen for the development of malignancy, especially malignant melanoma. This study presents a "typical" case with light, cytochemical, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural characterization.
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An Indian Expert Group Review of Acanthosis Nigricans with Recommendations for Early Detection and Timely Management.
J Assoc Physicians India
June 2024
Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist, President PCOS Society of India, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Breach Candy Hospital Trust, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Article Synopsis
- - Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a skin condition that signals various systemic issues like insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes, particularly in obese individuals, and is notably observed on the neck.
- - In India, rising rates of obesity and insulin resistance highlight the importance of AN for early detection of related health problems; however, there are currently no standardized guidelines for its management.
- - A multispecialty Expert Working Group in India is reviewing literature on AN to develop guidelines for clinicians, integrating its use as a cost-effective screening tool to improve early diagnosis and patient outcomes.
Utility of "Acanthosis Nigricans" and "Skin Tags" as a screening tool for risk of developing noncommunicable diseases: A cross-sectional study at a health facility in Lucknow (India).
Ann Afr Med
February 2024
Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Context: Over the past three decades, there has been a significant rise in the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) globally, accompanied by a relative decline in communicable diseases.
Aims: With this background, the research was planned to determine the prevalence of acanthosis nigricans (AN) or skin tags (STs) in the study population and to examine the relationship between the presence of AN and ST with commonly used indicators such as waist-to-height ratio (W/Ht.), Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS), and body mass index for predicting the risk of NCDs.
Phenotype and predictors of insulin independence in adults presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis: a prospective cohort study.
Diabetologia
March 2024
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Aims/hypothesis: The aim of this work was to describe the phenotype of adults presenting with a first episode of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in Cape Town, South Africa, and identify predictors of insulin independence at 12 and 60 months after presentation.
Methods: A prospective, descriptive cohort study of all individuals, 18 years or older, presenting for the first time with DKA to four public-sector hospitals of the Groote Schuur Academic Health Complex was performed. Clinical, biochemical and laboratory data including GAD antibody and C-peptide status were collected at baseline.
Article Synopsis
- - TNPM (Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis) is a harmless condition in newborns that requires no treatment and usually resolves on its own.
- - It's diagnosed based on a specific type of rash that appears as vesicles and pustules, which may leave behind dark spots once healed.
- - In this particular case, the rash displayed more vesiculobullae (larger fluid-filled blisters) instead of the typical pustules, making it an unusual presentation.
Improved Insulin Secretion Response and Beta-cell Function Correlated with Increased Prolactin Levels After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Morbidly Obese Patients with Acanthosis Nigricans.
Obes Surg
August 2023
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
Objective: To explore insulin secretion patterns, β-cell function, and serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations in Chinese morbidly obese patients with Acanthosis nigricans (AN) and their alterations after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).
Methods: A total of 138 morbidly obese subjects undergoing LSG were categorized as simple obesity without AN (OB group, n = 55) and obesity with AN (AN group, n = 83). Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), PRL, and related metabolic indices were performed pre- and 12 months post-LSG.
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