When an effective pain relief cannot be achieved by systemic administration of analgesics, neuraxial opioid therapy such as epidural (EPI) and subarachnoid (SA) catheters should be offered. During the period of 2004 to 2008, EPI (117 patients) and SA (1 patients) with an epidural catheter with subcutaneous reservoir also showed a significant improvement in their pain level calculated by numerical rating scale (NRS). Two cases of infection were caused by a subcutaneous reservoir, however, no serious infections, such as epidural abscess, were observed. Long-term catheter trouble occurred in 15 patients (12.8%) which was considered to be the catheter obstruction caused by epidural fibrosis. It is necessary to establish the common guidelines between hospital doctors and general practitioners to prevent the incidence of the catheter troubles and infections.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|
Vaccine
December 2024
Mucosal Immunoogy Laboratory, Biomedicine Research Unit, Faculty of Higher Studies Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Avenida de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México 54090, Mexico. Electronic address:
The development of a protective HIV vaccine remains a challenge given the high antigenic diversity and mutational rate of the virus, which leads to viral escape and establishment of reservoirs in the host. Modern antigen design can guide immune responses towards conserved sites, consensus sequences or normally subdominant epitopes, thus enabling the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies and polyfunctional lymphocyte responses. Conventional epitope vaccines can often be impaired by low immunogenicity, a limitation that may be overcome by using a carrier system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
December 2024
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
Optogenetics, a revolutionary technique utilizing light-sensitive proteins to control cellular functions with high spatiotemporal precision, presents a promising avenue for disease treatment; however, its application in cancer therapy remains constrained by limited research. Herein, we introduce a pioneering strategy for remote-controlled optogenetic cancer therapy, synergistically merging optogenetics with ion therapy, which incorporates ion self-supply, in situ ion channel construction, and near-infrared (NIR) light-activated ion therapy, facilitating remote and noninvasive manipulation of cellular activities in deep tissues and living animals. We report the facile synthesis of water-dispersible upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-metal-organic framework (MOF) nanohybrids capable of effectively delivering plasmid DNA to cancer cells, thereby enabling the in situ expression of photoactivatable cation channels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Control Release
January 2025
Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Surgery, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address:
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China. Electronic address:
Methotrexate (MTX) is a primary treatment for moderate to severe psoriasis, but conventional oral or subcutaneous delivery has limitations, including poor drug targeting, side effects, and low patient compliance. This study introduces implantable hydrogel microneedles (HMNs) made from photo-cross-linked gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) and puerarin (Pue), a traditional Chinese medicine, for intradermal and sustained MTX delivery. The ratio of Pue to GelMA significantly influenced the morphology, mechanical strength, MTX release profiles, and degradation behavior of the HMNs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Sci
November 2024
The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy, Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Austin, TX, USA. Electronic address:
Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymers have been extensively used in controlled drug delivery systems due to its good biocompatibility and tunable applicability based on simple variations in vinyl acetate (VA) content. We investigated impacts of polymer properties and extrusion process parameters of EVA on permeability of etonogestrel in EVA films. Among all factors studied, the VA content was the most dominant factor that controls drug permeability by affecting crystallinity of EVA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!