Behavioural Brain Sciences, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Published: May 2010
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Two experiments are reported that use patients with visual extinction to examine how visual attention is influenced by action information in images. In Experiment 1 patients saw images of objects that were either correctly or incorrectly colocated for action, with the objects held by hands that were congruent or incongruent with those used premorbidly by the patients. The images were also shown from a 1st- and 3rd-person perspective. There was an overall reduction in extinction for objects colocated for action. In addition, there was an extra benefit when the objects were held in hands congruent with those used by the patients and when the objects were seen from a 1st-person perspective. This last result fits with an effect of motor simulation, over and above a purely visual effect based on positioning objects correctly for action. Experiment 2 showed that effects of hand congruence could emerge with images depicted from a 3rd-person perspective when patients saw themselves holding the objects. The data indicate 2 effects of action information on extinction: (a) an effect of colocating objects for action, which does not depend on a self-reference frame (a visual effect), and (b) an effect sensitive to object-hand congruence, which does depend on a self-reference frame (a motor-based effect). The self-reference frame is induced when stimuli are viewed from a 1st-person perspective and when an image of the self is seen from a 3rd-person perspective. Both visual and motor-based effects of action information facilitate the spread of attention across objects.
Previous neuroscientific research has expounded on the fundamental role played by emotion during moral decision-making. Negative emotionality has been observed to exert a general inhibitory effect towards harmful behaviors against others. Nevertheless, the downregulation of negative affects at different levels of moral processing (e.
Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA), Clinical Electrophysiology, Neuroimaging and Neuromodulation Laboratory, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey.
The study investigates how personal perspective affects our perception of body images using a hand laterality judgment (HLJ) task, involving 80 visual hand stimuli presented to 11 right-handed participants.
Results show that participants had slower reaction times and made more errors when judging hand images from a third-person perspective compared to a first-person perspective.
The findings indicate a distinct difference in brain activity, with delta waves linked to self-body perception and theta waves associated with a more external perspective, suggesting different cognitive strategies for interpreting body images.
GR2TCA-Loricorps-Groupe de Recherche Transdisciplinaire des Troubles du Comportement Alimentaire, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.
The present study examined the relationships between quantitative and qualitative dimensions of excessive exercise (EE) with the physical self-perception's dimensions and perceptual perspectives of body image (i.e., allocentric/3rd person and egocentric/1st person perspectives).
School of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK.
Background: Negative emotions can promote smoking relapse during a quit attempt. The use of cognitive reappraisal to self-regulate these emotions may therefore aid smoking cessation. Determining whether smokers exhibit difficulties in the use of reappraisal, and which factors are associated with such difficulties, may aid smoking cessations.
Consciousness as used here, refers to the private, subjective experience of being aware of our perceptions, thoughts, feelings, actions, memories (psychological contents) including the intimate experience of a unified self with the capacity to generate and control actions and psychological contents. This compelling, intuitive consciousness-centric account has, and continues to shape folk and scientific accounts of psychology and human behavior. Over the last 30 years, research from the cognitive neurosciences has challenged this intuitive social construct account when providing a neurocognitive architecture for a human psychology.
