The aim of the current study was to estimate the genetic diversity of F. graminearum and F. culmorum isolated from wheat in Adana province of Turkey by investigating by RAPD-PCR polymorphisms. Fusarium sp. affecting wheat crops were surveyed for 2 years during growing seasons in Adana, Turkey. Thirty two isolates of Fusarium were isolated from seeds and basal stem nodes of wheat displaying disease symptoms. These isolates were identified as F. avenecaum, F. culmorum, F. graminearum and F. croockwellense Fusarium graminearum was the predominant pathogen isolated, followed by F. culmorum F. avenecaum and F. croockwellense, respectively. Genetic distances of F. graminearum and F. culmorum isolates appeared more intense in wheat fields in Adana region were determined by RAPD-PCR (10 primers). One primer (OPU-17) with F. culmorum and two primers (OPU-19 and OPU-17) with F. graminearum did not react. Amplification products gave 27 polymorphic bands for F. culmorum and 9 bands for F. graminearum. The RAPD-PCR analysis showed that F. graminearum and F. culmorum isolates collected from Adana/Turkey were genetically varied.
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