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Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with childhood onset, however, there is no clear correspondence established between clinical ADHD subtypes and primary medications. Identifying objective and reliable neuroimaging markers for categorizing ADHD biotypes may lead to more individualized, biotype-guided treatment.

Methods: Here we proposed a graph convolution network for biological subtype detection (GCN-BSD) using both functional network connectivity (FNC) and non-imaging phenotypic data for ADHD biotype.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study explored how genetic and environmental factors interact to influence ADHD traits, focusing on personality traits, school environment, life satisfaction, and callousness.
  • Results indicated that genetics played a more significant role in hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattentiveness among twins with higher conscientiousness and self-satisfaction, showcasing positive gene-environment interactions.
  • Conversely, for twins with high callousness, genetic influences were less significant for inattentiveness, highlighting a negative gene-environment interaction that could inform targeted interventions for those at genetic risk for ADHD.
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Article Synopsis
  • Behavioural Parent Training (BPT) is an effective intervention for ADHD in children, and this study compares face-to-face training with an online version to see which format is more effective for parents.
  • The study involved 90 parents, with many preferring online training; however, a significant dropout rate left only 60 parents for the online analysis.
  • Results showed that face-to-face participants were more likely to implement certain parenting strategies, specifically the reward system, while no major differences were found in how parental ADHD symptoms influenced training format choice.
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[Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Mental Health in Adolescents].

Andes Pediatr

October 2024

Facultad de Medicina Occidente, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Article Synopsis
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in female adolescents, leading to various health issues, including metabolic and psychiatric problems.
  • Recent studies indicate a higher risk of mental health disorders like anxiety, depression, and eating disorders in women with PCOS, and potential neurodevelopmental risks for their children as well.
  • The underlying causes for these mental health associations are not fully understood yet, emphasizing the need for better mental health assessments and collaboration among healthcare providers in managing PCOS.
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that typically presents in childhood and can cause significant impairment from youth into adulthood across multiple settings (eg, school, home). Pediatricians are the most likely health professionals to identify and treat ADHD. However, ADHD symptoms often overlap with other common mental health disorders, making accurate identification challenging.

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