The use of geographic information systems in sea and freshwater ecosystems.

In the Abruzzo region of Italy, the fishing and sale of the bivalve molluscs are a considerable economic resource requiring over 100 boats. Local production is increased also by farmed mussels. Freshwater fishing is practised extensively in Abruzzo rivers, frequently affected by the presence of dams, and great quantities of fish are periodically reintroduced. It is therefore necessary to monitor activities to determine the quality of Abruzzo freshwater. The Abruzzo region has assigned the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale' (IZS A&M) the task of monitoring, classifying quality of freshwater and sea water within its territory and controlling bivalve molluscs, in accordance with Italian law. Since 1996, the IZS A&M has conducted the several programmes to monitor programmes, define mollusc quality and to classify the quality water in accordance with European and national law. A geographic information system has been developed to provide decision-making support for the improvement of the quality of human welfare and the environment.