Pineal parenchymal tumor (PPT) cells usually show immunoreactivity for synaptophysin, neuron-specific enolase, neurofilament protein, class III beta-tubulin, tau protein, PGP9.5, chromogranin, serotonin, retinal S-antigen, and rhodopsin, but these markers are not specific for PPTs. Melatonin is produced and secreted mainly bypineal parenchymal cells; hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) catalyzes the final reaction in melatonin biosynthesis. We hypothesized that HIOMT could serve as a tumor marker of PPTs, and we investigated HIOMT localization and HIOMT expression in samples of normal human tissue and in PPTs, primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and medulloblastomas. In normal tissue, HIOMT was expressed in retinal cells, pineal parenchymal cells, neurons of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, microglia, macrophages, thyroid follicular epithelium, principal and oxyphil cells of parathyroid gland, adrenal cortical cells, hepatic parenchymal cells, renal tubule epithelium, and enteroendocrine cells of stomach and duodenum. The HIOMT was also expressed in all 46 PPTs studied. The proportions of HIOMT-immunoreactive cells successively decreased in the following tumors: pineocytoma, pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation, and pineoblastoma. A few HIOMT-immunoreactive cells were observed in one of 6 primitive neuroectodermal tumors and 23 of 42 medulloblastomas. These results indicate that HIOMT immunohistochemistry may be useful for the diagnosis of PPTs and be a prognostic factor in PPTs.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NEN.0b013e3181db7d3c | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Dysregulation of the molecular clock by blood-borne factors in Alzheimer's disease patients.
J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Central laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, P.R. China.
Background: Circadian disruptions are increasingly recognized in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and may influence disease onset and progression. This study examines how AD pathology affects blood-borne factors that regulate circadian rhythms.
Methods: Eighty-five participants from the Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline were enrolled: 35 amyloid-beta negative normal controls (Aβ- NCs), 23 amyloid-beta positive normal controls (Aβ+ NCs), 15 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and 12 with Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD).
Consensus guidelines for the management of pineal region tumours for low- and middle-income countries.
J Pak Med Assoc
March 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Article Synopsis
- * These tumors often cause obstructive hydrocephalus and symptoms such as headaches, nausea, and impaired gait due to mass effect.
- * Diagnosis primarily relies on imaging, while biopsy is required for histologic confirmation, except for germinomas, which can be identified through specific tumor markers; treatments vary from surgery for benign tumors to additional chemotherapy and radiotherapy for malignant ones.
SNO-EANO-EURACAN consensus on management of pineal parenchymal tumors.
Neuro Oncol
December 2024
Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Pineal parenchymal tumors are rare neoplasms for which evidence-based treatment recommendations are lacking. These tumors vary in biology, clinical characteristics, and prognosis, requiring treatment that ranges from surgical resection alone to intensive multimodal antineoplastic therapy. Recently, international collaborative studies have shed light on the genomic landscape of these tumors, leading to refinement in molecular-based disease classification in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndoscopic Third Ventriculostomy and Pineal Biopsy from a Single Entry Point.
J Vis Exp
June 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine.
Pineal neoplasms have a significant impact on children although they are relatively uncommon. They account for approximately 3-11% of all childhood brain tumors, which is considerably higher than the <1% seen in adult brain tumors. These tumors can be divided into three main categories: germ cell tumors, parenchymal pineal tumors, and tumors arising from related anatomical structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA case of a pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation with bifocal lesions differentiated by negative placental alkaline phosphatase in the spinal fluid.
Childs Nerv Syst
September 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan.
Article Synopsis
- Scientists found that checking for a special protein called PLAP in the spinal fluid helps doctors figure out if a patient has a specific type of brain tumor called a germinoma.
- They looked at a 15-year-old boy who had tumors in two places in his brain, but tests showed he didn’t have that protein, making them think it might be a different kind of tumor.
- After doing some surgery to remove the tumors, they discovered it was a less common type called a pineal parenchymal tumor, teaching doctors that PLAP can help tell different tumors apart for better treatment.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!