Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@gmail.com&api_key=61f08fa0b96a73de8c900d749fcb997acc09): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 143
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 143
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 209
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 994
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3134
Function: GetPubMedArticleOutput_2016
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 574
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 488
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Despite aggressive multimodal strategies, the prognosis in patients affected by primary brain tumors is still very unfavorable. Glial tumors seem to be able to create a favorable environment for the invasion of neoplastic cells into the cerebral parenchyma when they interact with the extracellular matrix via cell surface receptors. The major problem in drug delivery into the brain is due to the presence of the blood brain barrier which limits drug penetration. Nanotechnology involves the design, synthesis and characterization of materials that have a functional organization at least in one dimension on the nanometer scale. Nanoengineered devices in medical applications are designed to interface and interact with cells and tissues at the molecular level. Nanoparticle systems can represent ideal devices for delivery of specific compounds to brain tumors, across the blood brain barrier. In this brief review, we report the results of studies related to the emerging novel applications of nanoparticle systems in diagnosis and treatment of primary brain tumors, and also the patents of studies that adopt nanoparticle systems as drug delivery carriers in brain tumor diagnosis and therapy.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187221010791208786 | DOI Listing |
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