Directional reflectance factors of an alfalfa canopy were determined and related to canopy structure, agronomic variables, and irradiance conditions at four periods during a cutting cycle. Nadir and off-nadir reflectance factors decreased with increasing biomass in Thematic Mapper band 3 (0.63-0.69 microm) and increased with increasing biomass in band 4 (0.76-0.90 microm). The sensor view angle had less impact on perceived reflectance as the alfalfa progressed from an erectophile canopy of stems after harvest to a near planophile canopy of leaves at maturity. Studies of directional reflectance are needed for testing and upgrading vegetation canopy models and to aid in the complex interpretation problems presented by aircraft scanners and point-able satellites where illumination and viewing geometries may vary widely. Distinct changes in the patterns of radiance observed by a sensor as structural and biomass changes occur are keys to monitoring the growth and condition of crops.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.21.003766 | DOI Listing |
Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater
February 2025
Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 18200 Praha 8, Czechia.
The magnetic structures of the Ho-based i-MAX phase (MoHo)GaC were studied with neutron powder diffraction at low temperature. (MoHo)GaC crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Cmcm. The material undergoes two successive antiferromagnetic transitions at T = 10 K and T = 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacoecon Open
January 2025
Department of Public Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of West Attica, 196 Alexandras Avenue, 115 21, Athens, Greece.
Background: Obesity is a global health issue with significant economic implications for health systems. Pharmacotherapy, including semaglutide 2.4 mg and liraglutide 3 mg, offers a treatment option for weight management; however, its cost-effectiveness requires evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomacromolecules
January 2025
National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
Herein, an eco-friendly and degradable poly(lactic acid) aerogel was prepared by combining a poly(ethylene glycol) template material with thermally induced phase separation. Due to the tailored pore size introduced by the template material, the aerogel exhibits high solar reflectance (92.0%), excellent thermal emittance (90.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Psychol
January 2025
University College Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Many recent approaches to identity share a foundational similarity with ecological psychology, namely, to place identity in its context. That is, they explicitly place identity in its physical and social environments. Yet, we can distinguish at least two different approaches that diverge fundamentally with regards to the role that this "context" has in identity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Plast Surg
January 2025
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
The purpose of this review is to characterize themes among the five reconstructive microsurgery articles achieving the highest Relative Citation Ratios (RCRs) published in the past 20 years in the top journals. In doing so, researchers may be better informed on how to propose salient research questions to impact the field and understand future directions in plastic surgery. A cross-sectional study was conducted with articles published in the top three journals based on the Impact Factor: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery, and Annals of Plastic Surgery.
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