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Spatial patterns and MRI-based radiomic prediction of high peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structure density in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study.
J Immunother Cancer
December 2024
Department of Radiology, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Background: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) within the tumor microenvironment have been associated with cancer prognosis and therapeutic response. However, the immunological pattern of a high peritumoral TLS (pTLS) density and its clinical potential in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain poor. This study aimed to elucidate biological differences related to pTLS density and develop a radiomic classifier for predicting pTLS density in HCC, offering new insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFLT3 inhibitors and hematopoietic cell transplantation prolong survival in patients with FLT3-ITD-positive AML.
Ann Hematol
November 2024
Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological malignancy with genetic alterations. The FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene is frequently mutated in adult de novo AML, with two types of mutations: internal tandem duplication (ITD) and point mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain. This study aimed to investigate the impact of FLT3 inhibitors and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) on survival outcomes in patients with FLT3-ITD AML in a real-world setting.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetformin may improve the outcome of patients with colorectal cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus partly through effects on neutrophil extracellular traps.
BJC Rep
December 2023
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
Background: Although metformin reduces the risk of cancer-related mortality in patents with type 2 diabetes, the mechanism of its anti-cancer effects has not been fully understood.
Method: Impact of metformin on survival was examined in patients who underwent curative colectomy for colorectal cancer (CRC). The effects of metformin in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were examined with in-vitro experiments and multiplex immunohistochemistry of surgically resected CRC specimens.
CAR T Cells and T-Cell Therapies for Cancer: A Translational Science Review.
JAMA
December 2024
Duncan and Nancy MacMillan Cancer Immunology and Metabolism Center of Excellence, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick.
Article Synopsis
- CAR T cells are genetically engineered T lymphocytes designed to target and kill tumor cells, showing improved survival rates in patients with large B-cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma.
- Six CAR T-cell therapies are FDA-approved for various blood cancers, demonstrating better outcomes compared to traditional chemotherapy, particularly in large B-cell lymphoma and pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
- Despite high efficacy, CAR T-cell therapy can cause significant side effects, including cytokine release syndrome and neurologic issues; ongoing research aims to enhance effectiveness and reduce risks, with some progress in treating solid tumors.
Targeted Dynamic Phospho-Proteogenomic Analysis of Gastric Cancer Cells Suggests Host Immunity Provides Survival Benefit.
Mol Cell Proteomics
December 2024
Division of Biomedical Research & Development, Iwate Medical University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Yahaba, Iwate, Japan. Electronic address:
Despite of massive emergence of molecular targeting drugs, the mainstay of advanced gastric cancer (GC) therapy is DNA-damaging drugs. Using a reverse-phase protein array-based proteogenomic analysis of a panel of 8 GC cell lines, we identified genetic alterations and signaling pathways, potentially associated with resistance to DNA-damaging drugs, including 5-fluorouracil (5FU), cisplatin, and etoposide. Resistance to cisplatin and etoposide, but not 5FU, was negatively associated with global copy number loss, vimentin expression, and caspase activity, which are considered hallmarks of previously established EMT subtype.
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