Hypertensive uveitis as a feature of multiple myeloma.

Purpose: To report a masquerade syndrome secondary to multiple myeloma iris infiltration.

Design: Observational case report.

Methods: A 74-year-old Caucasian woman presenting with unilateral hypertensive uveitis and past medical history significant for multiple myeloma underwent aqueous cytology and a trabeculectomy with iridectomy.

Results: Cytology revealed atypical plasma cells in the aqueous while the anatomopathologic analysis of iris tissue demonstrated a substitution of the iris tissue by neoplastic plasma cells. After surgery and a new cycle of chemotherapy best-corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure improved.

Conclusions: Masquerade syndrome should always be considered in elderly uveitis. A correct diagnosis can be life-saving.