Risk factors for coronary artery disease in 131 known non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetic patients is compared to that in 115 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects and in 316 non-diabetic patients. The subjects, all Indian men aged 21-60 years, represent consecutive survivors of myocardial infarction and were investigated 3-4 months after their acute episode. A group of 524 healthy Indian men aged 21-60 years were included as controls. Significant differences in parameters measured were noted when all diabetic and non-diabetic patients were compared to the control group. Diabetic patients were older than the non-diabetic patients and with significantly higher frequency of hypertension and hypertriglyceridaemia, whilst smoking and family history of coronary artery disease were elicited more frequently in the non-diabetic patients. Mean concentrations of serum total cholesterol and lipoproteins in the diabetic and non-diabetic men were similar, whereas serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in the diabetic patients. Newly diagnosed and known diabetic patients did not differ with respect to the risk factors examined. Clusters of various combinations of hypertension, obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia and low HDL-cholesterol values were encountered more frequently in diabetic patients when compared to non-diabetic patients, whilst no significant differences were observed when the two groups of diabetic subjects were compared. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that in men with myocardial infarction there are significant differences between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with respect to certain risk factors. However, newly diagnosed diabetic men have similar risk profiles to their known diabetic counterparts.
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