The aim of this study was to investigate biosynthesis genes and chemical components of the capsule of Avibacterium paragallinarum. The sequence of a 10-kb region containing the capsule biosynthetic locus of Av. paragallinarum was determined. Two reference strains, i.e., 221 (serovar A) and H18 (serovar C), together with four Taiwanese field strains (all serovar C) were sequenced. The results showed that there are two genotypes (I and II) of the capsule biosynthetic locus in Av. paragallinarum, and the capsule genotype is independent of the serovar. The capsule biosynthetic loci of genotypes I and II consisted of six and five genes, respectively. The genotype I genes encoded proteins that are most similar to proteins from Pasteurella multocida capsule types A and F while the genotype II genes encoded proteins most similar to proteins from P. multocida capsule type D and Escherichia coli K5. The results suggested that genotype I strains contain hyaluronan or chondroitin in the capsule wall while genotype II contain heparosan. Enzymatic digestion of the capsule materials extracted from Av. paragallinarum showed that genotype I strains contained chondroitin while genotype II strains contained heparosan in the capsule. This is the first report on the existence of different genotypes of capsule biosynthesis genes in Av. paragallinarum and the presence of chondroitin and heparosan as chemical components of the capsule of Av. paragallinarum.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.03.002 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Comparison of Interportal and Periportal Capsulotomies and Axial Distraction Resistance During Hip Arthroscopy: An In Vivo Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.
Am J Sports Med
January 2025
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Background: Intraoperative hip capsule management is increasingly recognized as an important component of hip arthroscopy for the prevention of capsular-related instability. The periportal capsulotomy, relative to the interportal capsulotomy, has been proposed as a minimally invasive technique for decreasing postarthroscopy hip instability; however, the biomechanical effects of this technique are not well established.
Purpose/hypothesis: This study aimed to provide a biomechanical characterization of interportal and periportal capsulotomies, helping inform surgeon choice of capsulotomy type and repair, potentially guiding clinical practice in hip arthroscopy.
Behavior Changes in Quinpirole Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Rats Treated with 6-Hydroxydopamine and the Corresponding Dopaminergic Compulsive Loop Mechanism.
J Integr Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 646000 Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
Background: Recent studies suggest that the anterior limb of the internal capsule may be an area of convergence for multiple compulsion loops. In this study, the role of different dopaminergic compulsion loops in the mechanism of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was investigated by selectively damaging dopaminergic neurons or fibers in the corresponding targets with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and depicting the anatomical map of various compulsion loops located in the anterior limb of the internal capsule.
Methods: A total of 52 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to either saline (1 mL/kg, NS group, n = 6) or quinpirole (QNP, dopamine D2-agonist, 0.
Nanosuspension Innovations: Expanding Horizons in Drug Delivery Techniques.
Pharmaceutics
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Nanosuspensions (NS), with their submicron particle sizes and unique physicochemical properties, provide a versatile solution for enhancing the administration of medications that are not highly soluble in water or lipids. This review highlights recent advancements, future prospects, and challenges in NS-based drug delivery, particularly for oral, ocular, transdermal, pulmonary, and parenteral routes. The conversion of oral NS into powders, pellets, granules, tablets, and capsules, and their incorporation into film dosage forms to address stability concerns is thoroughly reviewed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment of Novel Fluticasone/Salmeterol/Tiotropium-Loaded Dry Powder Inhaler and Bioequivalence Assessment to Commercial Products in Rats.
Pharmaceutics
January 2025
College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.
/: Inhaler devices have been developed for the effective delivery of inhaled medications used in the treatment of pulmonary diseases. However, differing operating procedures across the devices can lead to user errors and reduce treatment efficacy, especially when patients use multiple devices simultaneously. To address this, we developed a novel dry powder inhaler (DPI), combining fluticasone propionate (FP), salmeterol xinafoate (SX), and tiotropium bromide (TB) into a single device designed for bioequivalent delivery compared to existing commercial products in an animal model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComprehensive GC-MS Characterization and Histochemical Assessment of Various Parts of Three Species from Bulgarian Flora.
Plants (Basel)
January 2025
Laboratory of Cell Biosystems, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
This study presents a comprehensive phyto- and histochemical analysis of three species: L., the Balkan endemic Guss., and the Bulgarian endemic Delip.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!