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Does cognitive intra-individual variability predict change in everyday functioning performance in women with and without HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study?
Appl Neuropsychol Adult
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
This study examined the association between cognitive intra-individual variability (IIV), a non-mean-based indicator of underlying neuropathology, and self-reported everyday functioning of 1,086 women with HIV (WWH) and 494 socio-demographically similar women without HIV (WWoH). Objective cognitive performance across seven domains and the self-rated Lawton & Brody scale of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) were assessed among participants of the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Two types of cognitive IIV were calculated by taking the standard deviation across seven cognitive domains to calculate dispersion: 1) intra-individual standard deviation (denoted as IIV) and 2) coefficient of variation (denoted as IIV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug-drug interaction of phenytoin sodium and methylprednisolone on voriconazole: a population pharmacokinetic model in children with thalassemia undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Purpose: Voriconazole (VRC) is recommended for the prevention and treatment of invasive fungal infections in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). It demonstrates nonlinear pharmacokinetics (PK) and exhibits substantial inter- and intraindividual variability. Phenytoin sodium (PHT) and methylprednisolone (MP) are commonly used in the early stages of HSCT to prevent epilepsy and graft-versus-host disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVariation in brain aging: A review and perspective on the utility of individualized approaches to the study of functional networks in aging.
Neurobiol Aging
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Healthy aging is associated with cognitive decline across multiple domains, including executive function, memory, and attention. These cognitive changes can often influence an individual's ability to function and quality of life. However, the degree to which individuals experience cognitive decline, as well as the trajectory of these changes, exhibits wide variability across people.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNight to night variability in obstructive sleep apnea severity, the physiological endotypes and the frequency of flow limitation.
Sleep
December 2024
Monash Lung, Sleep, Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia.
Study Objectives: There is substantial night-to-night variability (NtNV) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity in some individuals, however predictors for this remain incompletely understood. This study aims to quantify the degree of NtNV in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), hypoxic burden, airflow limitation, and OSA endotypes; to determine if a relationship exists between the degree of NtNV in AHI and in endotype expression; to assess whether the degree of flow limited breathing is predictive of the degree of NtNV of the AHI.
Methods: 71 patients with OSA underwent two polysomnograms (PSGs).
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