In biology, the exception is mostly the rule, and the rule is mostly the exception. However, recent results indicate that known universal concepts in biology such as the genetic code or the utilization of ATP as a source of energy may be complemented by a large class of principles based on Shannon's concept of information. The present position paper discusses various promising pathways toward the formulation of such generic informational principles and their relevance for the realm of biology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2976/1.3171566 | DOI Listing |
Artif Intell Med
November 2024
Centre for Antimicrobial Optimisation, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK; NIHR HPRU in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK; Department of Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Background: Blood-related infections are a significant concern in healthcare. They can lead to serious medical complications and even death if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Throughout time, medical research has sought to identify clinical factors and strategies to improve the management of these conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore.
Water exists in the beginning and hydrates all matter. Life emerged in water, requiring three essential components in compartmentalized spaces: (1) universal energy sources driving biochemical reactions and processes, (2) molecules that store, encode, and transmit information, and (3) functional players carrying out biological activities and structural organization. Phosphorus has been selected to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as the universal energy currency, nucleic acids for genetic information storage and transmission, and phospholipids for cellular compartmentalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Public Health
December 2024
International Nursing School, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China.
Background: Diabetes structured education programs have been demonstrated to effectively improve glycemic control and self-management behaviors. However, evidence on the health economic evaluation of these programs is limited.
Objectives: To systematically review the health economic evaluation of structured education programs for patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Phys Life Rev
November 2024
Department of Philosophy, Sociology, Education, and Applied Psychology, University of Padova, Italy. Electronic address:
Despite major progress in our understanding of the brain, the connection of neural and mental features, that is, brain and mind, remains yet elusive. In our 2020 target paper ("Is temporospatial dynamics the 'common currency' of brain and mind? Spatiotemporal Neuroscience") we proposed the "Common currency hypothesis": temporo-spatial dynamics are shared by neural and mental features, providing their connection. The current paper aims to further support and extend the original description of such common currency into a first outline of a "Common currency theory" (CCT) of neuro-mental relationship.
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