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Article Synopsis
  • The article evaluates the effectiveness and safety of a combination treatment of atropine (ATR) and omeprazole (OME) for acute gastritis (AG) in comparison to anisodamine (ADM) with OME.
  • The study involved 95 patients, with the ATR+OME group showing a higher success rate, fewer side effects, and quicker symptom relief than the ADM+OME group.
  • Results indicated that the ATR+OME treatment significantly reduced inflammatory markers and gastrointestinal hormone levels, suggesting its strong efficacy and safety for managing AG, making it suitable for wider clinical use.
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Objectives: Our aim was to systematically review the cost-effectiveness of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapies and surgical interventions for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD).

Design: The study design was a systematic review of economic evaluations.

Data Sources: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for publications from January 1990 to March 2023.

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Article Synopsis
  • Mitochondrial dysfunction and macrophage dysregulation are important in autoimmune diseases, but how they connect is not fully understood.
  • The study focuses on the role of chronic low-level interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) using a mouse model with lupus-like symptoms, finding that this condition suppresses mitochondrial function, especially in the kidneys.
  • It suggests that restoring mitochondrial function could improve macrophage activity and provide new targets for treating autoimmune diseases like lupus nephritis.
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Brain distribution study of [C]-Riluzole following intranasal administration in mice.

Int J Pharm

January 2025

Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China. Electronic address:

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) presents a substantial challenge due to its complex nature, limited effective treatment options, and modest benefits from current therapies in slowing disease progression. This study explores the potential of intranasal delivery to enhance the CNS delivery of riluzole (RLZ), a standard ALS treatment which is subject to blood-brain barrier efflux mechanisms. Additionally, the impact of elacridar (ELC), an efflux pump inhibitor, on IN RLZ CNS bioavailability was examined.

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NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 4-like 2 (NDUFA4L2) protein is located in the mitochondria and can regulate cell proliferation. Some studies have shown that the high NDUFA4L2 expression is linked with poor prognosis and cancer progression in various patients with cancers. However, the correlation between NDUFA4L2 and pan-cancer is unknown.

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