Objective: To determine if preoperative psychosocial factors including dispositional optimism, perceived social support, and perceived stress correlate with the recovery of postoperative cognition.
Design: Observational study.
Setting: Veterans Affairs medical center.
Participants: Cardiac surgical patients.
Interventions: None.
Measurements And Main Results: Age- and education-balanced patients (> or =55 years of age) undergoing cardiac surgery (n = 40) and nonsurgical controls (n = 40) were recruited. A psychosocial evaluation for dispositional optimism, perceived social support, perceived stress, and depression was performed before surgery using standardized questionnaires. Delirium was assessed with the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist before and for 5 consecutive days after surgery. Recent verbal and nonverbal memory and executive functions were assessed before and 1 week after cardiac surgery or at 1-week intervals in nonsurgical controls. Preoperative perceived stress significantly (p < 0.01) correlated with preoperative depression scores. Preoperative dispositional optimism significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with preoperative perceived social support. A multiple logistic regression revealed that dispositional optimism significantly (p < 0.02) predicted the absence of postoperative delirium within 5 days of surgery. Patients who showed high levels of dispositional optimism suffered a significantly (p < 0.03) lower incidence of postoperative delirium. Preoperative dispositional optimism also significantly (p < 0.001) correlated with a postoperative cognitive performance determined by composite z scores. A stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that dispositional optimism significantly (p < 0.05, R(2) = 35%) predicted postoperative cognitive function.
Conclusions: Preoperative dispositional optimism, but not perceived social support, perceived stress, and depression positively correlated with a reduced incidence of postoperative delirium within 5 days and recovery of cognitive performance 1 week after cardiac surgery.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2010.01.004 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Empowering young athletes: the influence of autonomy-supportive coaching on resilience, optimism, and development.
Front Psychol
January 2025
Institute of Physical Education, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China.
Introduction: The present study investigates how autonomy-supportive coaching style influences youth athlete development through psychological resilience and dispositional optimism. Despite growing interest in factors that contribute to athlete development, gaps remain in understanding how coaching approaches interact with psychological traits to foster youth athletes' growth. This study addresses these gaps by proposing a serial mediation model in which autonomy-supportive coaching indirectly enhances athlete development through resilience and optimism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCouples' Psychological Resources and Marital Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Marital Support.
Eur J Psychol
November 2024
School of Social Work, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
The aim of this study was to assess the interdependent relations among psychological resources, marital support, and marital satisfaction in married couples from the perspective of both dyad members, using the Actor-Partner-Interdependence-Model (APIM) approach. One hundred and fifty-one heterosexual married couples ( = 302) completed questionnaires assessing psychological resources (dispositional optimism and sense of mastery), marital support, marital satisfaction, social desirability, and demographic variables. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test a proposed mediation model adopting the dyadic approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Psychological factors significantly impact acute coronary syndrome (ACS) recovery, yet interventions addressing these factors are often absent in cardiac rehabilitation programs due to mixed evidence on effectiveness.
- This study tested a combined cognitive-behavioral treatment and positive psychology therapy program against standard rehabilitation in 87 ACS patients, measuring various psychological and clinical outcomes at different intervals.
- Results indicated that the intervention group experienced notable improvements in depression, anger management, and cognitive function, while the control group showed declines in these areas, although both groups had similar advancements in overall clinical outcomes.
Personality traits as protective factors of dementia development.
Dement Neuropsychol
October 2024
Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Faculdade de Medicina, Curso de Psicologia, Pelotas RS, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- Little is known about psychological factors that protect against dementia, but the Five-Factor Model of personality helps clarify personality traits.
- The study analyzed how these personality traits relate to dementia, using data from Brazil’s largest aging study, ELSI-Brazil.
- Results showed that optimism is a significant protective factor against dementia, highlighting its potential for development in preventive health interventions.
Rational Optimism.
Philosophia (Ramat Gan)
July 2024
Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Philosophers have criticized optimistic beliefs as irrational, but this paper argues that some forms of optimism can be rational and supported by evidence, specifically focusing on resourced optimism and agentive optimism.
- - The authors introduce a four-fold taxonomy of optimism, clarifying how different types can be evaluated differently: while two forms can be epistemically justified, the fourth type (perspectival optimism) is better assessed on practical and moral standards.
- - By advancing the discussion on optimism in philosophical and psychological fields, the paper identifies cases of justified optimism that contrast unrealistic optimism and emphasizes the need for more research on these concepts.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!