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Functional genomics implicates ebony in the black pupae phenotype of tephritid fruit flies.
Commun Biol
January 2025
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, USA.
The remarkable diversity of insect pigmentation offers a captivating avenue for studying evolution and genetics. In tephritids, understanding the molecular basis of mutant traits is also crucial for applied entomology, enabling the creation of genetic sexing strains through genome editing, thus facilitating sex-sorting before sterile insect releases. Here, we present evidence from classical and modern genetics showing that the black pupae (bp) phenotype in the GUA10 strain of Anastrepha ludens is caused by a large deletion at the ebony locus, removing the gene's entire coding region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe mosquito evolves two types of prophenoloxidases with diversified functions.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
Insect phenoloxidase, presented as an inactive precursor prophenoloxidase (PPO) in hemolymph, catalyzes melanin formation, which is involved in wound healing, pathogen killing, reversible oxygen collection during insect respiration, and cuticle and eggshell formation. Mosquitoes possess 9 to 16 PPO members across different genera, a number that is more than that found in other dipteran insects. However, the reasons for the redundancy of these PPOs and whether they have distinct biochemical properties and physiological functions remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCutaneous Nevoid Melanoma: A Retrospective Study on Clinico-Pathological Characteristics, with a Focus on Dermoscopic Features and Survival Analysis.
Cancers (Basel)
December 2024
Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padua, Italy.
Diagnosis of nevoid melanoma (NeM) is often difficult because NeM closely resembles a common nevus clinically and histologically. A retrospective study was conducted on 110 patients diagnosed with and/or treated for primary nevoid melanoma at the Veneto Institute of Oncology and at the University Hospital of Padua from August 1999. Mean Breslow thickness was of 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFractionation and identification of ocular protective compounds from kochiae fructus against oxidative damage in retinal pigment epithelium cells.
J Ethnopharmacol
January 2025
Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Master Program of Pharmaceutical Manufacture, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Kochiae Fructus, the ripe fruit of Kochia scoparia, is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat eye discomforts and vision problems. Although Kochiae Fructus is mentioned in many classical Chinese medical texts, its protective effects and the roles of its active phytochemicals in eye treatment still lack scientific exploration.
Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to clarify the protective effects and identify the active fractions and compounds of Kochiae Fructus against oxidative stress-induced retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell death.
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome - Be in need of vigilance: A case report.
J Family Med Prim Care
December 2024
Department of Surgery, Datta Meghe Medical College, DMIHER University, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Peutz-Jeghar syndrome (PJS) is an inherited condition that puts people at an increased risk for developing hamarotmatous polyps in the digestive tract as well as cancers of the breast, colon, rectum, pancreas, stomach, testicles, ovaries, lung and cervix. With typical presentation, majority cases of PJS can be diagnosed in childhood. PJS is inherited by mutation in the STK II gene, also known as LKB1 gene.
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