Background: Large scale microarray experiments are becoming increasingly routine, particularly those which track a number of different cell lines through time. This time-course information provides valuable insight into the dynamic mechanisms underlying the biological processes being observed. However, proper statistical analysis of time-course data requires the use of more sophisticated tools and complex statistical models.
Findings: Using the open source CRAN and Bioconductor repositories for R, we provide example analysis and protocol which illustrate a variety of methods that can be used to analyse time-course microarray data. In particular, we highlight how to construct appropriate contrasts to detect differentially expressed genes and how to generate plausible pathways from the data. A maintained version of the R commands can be found at http://www.mas.ncl.ac.uk/~ncsg3/microarray/.
Conclusions: CRAN and Bioconductor are stable repositories that provide a wide variety of appropriate statistical tools to analyse time course microarray data.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-3-81 | DOI Listing |
J Int Soc Sports Nutr
December 2025
Jiujiang No.1 People's Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Jiujiang City Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy, Jiujiang, China.
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the key regulatory mechanisms of cartilage injury and osteoporosis through bioinformatics methods, and to provide a new theoretical basis and molecular targets for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Methods: Microarray data for cartilage injury (GSE129147) and osteoporosis (GSE230665) were first downloaded from the GEO database. Differential expression analysis was applied to identify genes that were significantly up-or down-regulated in the cartilage injury and osteoporosis samples.
Arch Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE 106 91, Sweden.
Bacteria experience a continual array of environmental stresses, necessitating adaptive mechanisms crucial for their survival. Thermophilic bacteria, such as Thermus thermophilus, face constant environmental challenges, particularly high temperatures, which requires robust adaptive mechanisms for survival. Studying these extremophiles provides valuable insights into the intricate molecular and physiological processes used by extremophiles to adapt and survive in harsh environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZool Res
January 2025
Department of Reproductive Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210000, China.
Increasing evidence implicates disruptions in testicular fatty acid metabolism as a contributing factor in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), a severe form of male infertility. However, the precise mechanisms linking fatty acid metabolism to NOA pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated. Multi-omics analyses, including microarray analysis, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and metabolomics, were utilized to investigate disruptions in fatty acid metabolism associated with NOA using data from public databases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
January 2025
Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation and progressive joint destruction. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), a microreticular structure formed after neutrophil death, have recently been implicated in RA pathogenesis and pathological mechanisms. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and key genes involved in NET formation in RA remain largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Life and Medical Sciences Area, Health Sciences Discipline, Kobe University, Kobe, JPN.
Background and objective Moderate exercise is important for health; however, there are variations among individuals in terms of characterizing moderate intensity and it is difficult to identify. In light of this, the purpose of this study was to identify new objective indicators to determine effective exercise intensity. Methods This study involved both human and animal experiments.
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