It has been shown that many insects have Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in their gut system. The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande [Thysanoptera: Thripidae], has a symbiotic relation with Erwinia species gut bacteria. To determine if other Thripidae species have similar bacterial symbionts, the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci, was studied because, like F. occidentalis, it is phytophagous. Contrary to F. occidentalis, T. tabaci is endemic in Europe and biotypes have been described. Bacteria were isolated from the majority of populations and biotypes of T. tabaci examined. Bacteria were present in high numbers in most individuals of the populations studied. Like F. occidentalis, T. tabaci contained one type of bacterium that clearly outnumbered all other types present in the gut. This bacterium was identified as an Erwinia species, as was also the case for F. occidentalis. However, its biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence differed from the bacteria present in F. occidentalis.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1673/031.008.2301 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- - The study explores the morphology of two thrip species, *Thrips tabaci* and *Thrips parvispinus*, using advanced imaging techniques like optical microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), alongside molecular methods for identification.
- - Key morphological differences were noted, including variations in antennae structure, ocelli color, forewing setae, and abdominal features, which help differentiate the two species.
- - Molecular analysis confirmed the identities of the two thrips species with a high similarity to existing genetic data, highlighting the importance of combining morphological and molecular techniques for thorough species identification.
Development of a sequential sampling plan for classifying Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) populations in onion fields.
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Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, is a global pest of onion crops, causing substantial economic damage by diminishing bulb yields and transmitting plant pathogens. Insecticides are used to manage T. tabaci infestations with control decisions traditionally based on action thresholds that require visually counting thrips on a fixed, predetermined number of onion plants per field.
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ICAR-Directorate of Onion and Garlic Research, Pune, India.
Background: Onion thrips () is a complex of cryptic species with subtle morphological differences and distinct genetic backgrounds; thus, species identification using traditional methods remains challenging. The existence of different haplotypes and genotypes within a species can significantly influence various aspects of its biology, including host preference, reproductive capacity, resistance to pesticides, and vector competence for plant viruses. Understanding the genetic diversity and population structure of cryptic species within will not only aid in the development of more effective control strategies tailored to specific genetic variants but also in monitoring population dynamics, tracking invasive species, and implementing quarantine measures to prevent the spread of economically damaging thrips biotypes.
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Insects
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School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Thrips biocontrol research in greenhouse crops has focused primarily on western flower thrips (WFT; ). However, recent outbreaks of onion thrips (OT; ) in Ontario, Canada, demonstrate that biocontrol-based IPM programs for WFT do not control OT sufficiently to prevent crop losses. A lack of comparative studies makes it difficult to determine which program components for WFT are failing for OT.
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J Pestic Sci
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School of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University.
Using PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) with mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequences, we examined the reproductive modes of female adults of collected at 54 sites across Japan. Results showed the presence of heteroplasmic insects harboring mitochondria associated with arrhenotoky and thelytoky. Using the insects, we also applied PCR-RFLP to examine the genotypes for the amino acid mutation (T929I) site involved in pyrethroid resistance.
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