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Circadian clock control of interactions between eIF2α kinase CPC-3 and GCN1 with ribosomes regulates rhythmic translation initiation.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
February 2025
Department of Biology and Center for Biological Clocks Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
Misregulation of the activity of GCN2, the kinase that phosphorylates and inactivates translation initiation factor eIF2α, has been implicated in several health disorders, underscoring the need to determine the mechanisms controlling GCN2 activation. During nutrient starvation, increased uncharged tRNA levels trigger GCN1 and GCN20 proteins to mediate the binding of uncharged tRNA to GCN2 to activate the kinase to phosphorylate eIF2α. Under constant conditions, activation of the homolog of GCN2, CPC-3, is controlled by the circadian clock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial ribosome bL34 mutants present diminished translation of cytochrome c oxidase subunits.
Cell Biol Int
June 2018
Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitoribosomes are specialized in the translation of a few number of highly hydrophobic membrane proteins, components of the oxidative phosphorylation system. Mitochondrial characteristics, such as the membrane system and its redox state driven mitoribosomes evolution through great diversion from their bacterial and cytosolic counterparts. Therefore, mitoribosome presents a considerable number of mitochondrial-specific proteins, as well as new protein extensions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDefective valyl-tRNA synthetase hampers the mitochondrial respiratory chain in Neurospora crassa.
Biochem J
December 2012
IBMC (Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular), Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
Respiratory chain deficiency can result from alterations in mitochondrial and/or cytosolic protein synthesis due to the dual genetic origin of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. In the present paper we report a point mutation (D750G) in the bifunctional VARS (valyl-tRNA synthetase) of the fungus Neurospora crassa, associated with a temperature-sensitive phenotype. Analysis of the mutant strain revealed decreased steady-state levels of VARS and a clear reduction in the rate of mitochondrial protein synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe membrane insertase Oxa1 is required for efficient import of carrier proteins into mitochondria.
J Mol Biol
November 2012
Division of Cell Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger Strasse 13, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Oxa1 serves as a protein insertase of the mitochondrial inner membrane that is evolutionary related to the bacterial YidC insertase. Its activity is critical for membrane integration of mitochondrial translation products and conservatively sorted inner membrane proteins after their passage through the matrix. All Oxa1 substrates identified thus far have bacterial homologs and are of endosymbiotic origin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTemperature-sensitive and circadian oscillators of Neurospora crassa share components.
Genetics
May 2012
Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom.
In Neurospora crassa, the interactions between products of the frequency (frq), frequency-interacting RNA helicase (frh), white collar-1 (wc-1), and white collar-2 (wc-2) genes establish a molecular circadian clockwork, called the FRQ-WC-Oscillator (FWO), which is required for the generation of molecular and overt circadian rhythmicity. In strains carrying nonfunctional frq alleles, circadian rhythms in asexual spore development (conidiation) are abolished in constant conditions, yet conidiation remains rhythmic in temperature cycles. Certain characteristics of these temperature-synchronized rhythms have been attributed to the activity of a FRQ-less oscillator (FLO).
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