Opt Lett
E. L. Ginzton Laboratory and Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Published: March 2010
We demonstrate numerically, using a three-dimensional finite-difference frequency-domain method, the ability to design a phase front using an array of metallic pillars. We show that in such structures, the local phase delay upon transmission can be tuned by local geometry. We apply this knowledge to demonstrate a metallic microlens. The presented design principles apply to a wider range of wavelength-size integrated photonic components.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.35.000844 | DOI Listing |
Integr Environ Assess Manag
January 2025
National Technical University of Athens, Zografou, Athens, 15773, Greece.
The European Union (EU) currently addresses the issue of contaminated land management through the national frameworks of its member states, as there is no such EU legislation thus far. However, with the introduction of the new EU Soil Strategy and the anticipated Soil Monitoring Law, EU countries are poised to receive a unified legislative tool that is expected to enhance their soil policies significantly. These legislative developments are set to introduce key initiatives such as the establishment of a contaminated site registry and the imposition of restrictions on soil contamination using screening values and soil monitoring practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effective warm-up protocol using an added respiratory dead space (ARDS) 1200 ml volume mask to determine hypercapnic conditions, on the swimming velocity of the 50 m time trial front crawl. Eight male members of the university swimming team, aged 19-25, performed three different warm-up protocols: 1) standardized warm-up in water (WUCON); 2) hypercapnic warm-up in water (WUARDS); 3) hypercapnic a 20-minute transition phase on land, between warm-up in water and swimming test (RE-WUARDS). The three warm-up protocols were implemented in random order every 7th day.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Sun Yat-sen University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Zhuhai 519082, China.
Vortex states of photons, electrons, and other particles are freely propagating wave packets with helicoidal wave fronts winding around the axis of a phase vortex. A particle prepared in a vortex state carries a nonzero orbital angular momentum projection on the propagation direction, a quantum number that has never been exploited in experimental particle and nuclear physics. Low-energy vortex photons, electrons, neutrons, and helium atoms have been demonstrated in experiment and found numerous applications, and there exist proposals of boosting them to higher energies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
January 2025
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
The formation of the female germline is the fundamental process in most flowering plants' sexual reproduction. In , only one somatic cell obtains the female germline fate, and this process is regulated by different pathways. Megaspore mother cell (MMC) is the first female germline, and understanding MMC development is essential for comprehending the complex mechanisms of plant reproduction processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Bioeng Biotechnol
January 2025
Faculty of Physical Education-Abo Qir, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Objective: This study investigated upper limb kinematics and muscle co-activation in wheelchair tennis players during the forehand stroke. By analyzing linear and angular kinematic variables alongside muscle co-activation patterns, the study aimed to provide insights into the biomechanical mechanisms supporting forehand stroke performance.
Method: Fifteen professional male wheelchair tennis players (height: 163.
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