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Increased Crystallite Stability Enhances Gut Microbial Fermentability of Type 5 Resistant Starch.
J Agric Food Chem
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
The amylolytic susceptibility of starch-lipid complexes with different forms of crystallites has been studied extensively, but the fermentation properties of these complexes remain little understood. Hence, the fecal fermentation properties of starch-lipid complexes with V-type and V-type crystallites were investigated in the present study. Compared to V-type complexes, fermentation of V-type complexes caused more severe disruption to the crystallites and resulted in greater acid, reducing sugar, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFcolonization is not mediated by bile salts and utilizes Stickland fermentation of proline in an model.
mSphere
January 2025
Department of Food Science and Technology and Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.
Treatment with antibiotics is a major risk factor for infection, likely due to depletion of the gastrointestinal microbiota. Two microbiota-mediated mechanisms thought to limit colonization include the conversion of conjugated primary bile salts into secondary bile salts toxic to growth and competition between the microbiota and for limiting nutrients. Using a continuous flow model that simulates the nutrient conditions of the distal colon, we investigated how treatment with 6 clinically used antibiotics influenced susceptibility to infection in 12 different microbial communities cultivated from healthy individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlkaloids and Nitrosamines in Betel Quid: A Biochemical Exploration of Carcinogenicity.
Chem Biol Interact
January 2025
Department of Community Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka.
Betel quid contains two major ingredients; Areca catechu and Piper betel, often consumed with slaked lime, tobacco, certain flavouring agents, colouring agents, herbs, and spices according to personal preferences. The areca nut alkaloids (arecoline, arecaidine, guvacine, and guvacoline), and tobacco alkaloids (nicotine, nor-nicotine) undergo nitrosation during chewing in the oral cavity with the presence of nitrite and thiocyanate and endogenously. Among the nitrosation products generated areca nut-derived nitrosamine (ADNA): 3-(methylnitrosamino) Propionitrile (MNPN) and the two tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs); N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone) (NNK) are considered Group 1 human carcinogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrebiotics as modulators of colonic calcium and magnesium uptake.
Acta Physiol (Oxf)
February 2025
Institute for Molecular Medicine, Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Ca and Mg are essential nutrients, and deficiency can cause serious health problems. Thus, lack of Ca and Mg can lead to osteoporosis, with incidence rising both in absolute and age-specific terms, while Mg deficiency is associated with type II diabetes. Prevention via vitamin D or estrogen is controversial, and the bioavailability of Ca and Mg from supplements is significantly lower than that from milk products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssociation of Mucin-Degrading Gut Microbiota and Dietary Patterns with Colonic Transit Time in Constipation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.
Nutrients
December 2024
Department of Bioconvergence, Hoseo University, 165 Sechul-Ri, BaeBang-Yup, Asan 31499, ChungNam-do, Republic of Korea.
Background: The relationship between gut microbiota composition, lifestyles, and colonic transit time (CTT) remains poorly understood. This study investigated associations among gut microbiota profiles, diet, lifestyles, and CTT in individuals with subjective constipation.
Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from our randomized clinical trial, examining gut microbiota composition, CTT, and dietary intake in baseline and final assessments of 94 participants with subjective constipation.
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