Mesopores present in inorganic barrier films have a unique structure since the bottom sides are blocked by underlying polymer substrates. Characterization of pore blockage by water condensation is important in understanding gas transport mechanisms because the pore blockage changes the transmission behavior of water vapor itself as well as other gases. In this study a water condensation behavior inside mesopores is investigated analytically and numerically. Appropriate modifications from the classical Kelvin equation-based solution are suggested to account for local and discrete molecular interactions and submolecular meniscus tip geometry. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations are also conducted to simulate the present problem and the result is compared with the analytical solutions.
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Institute of Brain Sciene, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Genome-wide association studies demonstrated that immune suppressive receptor CD33 variants are associated with high susceptibility to developing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Human CD33 (hCD33) regulates microglial immune response and clearance ability. However, the differential regulation of phagocytosis by human and mouse CD33 imposes constraints on utilizing the mouse model for investigating the role of CD33 in AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Phys
January 2025
Division of Energy, Matter and Systems, School of Science and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA.
Developing efficient path integral (PI) methods for atomistic simulations of vibrational spectra in heterogeneous condensed phases and interfaces has long been a challenging task. Here, we present the h-CMD method, short for hybrid centroid molecular dynamics, which combines the recently introduced fast quasi-CMD (f-QCMD) method with fast CMD (f-CMD). In this scheme, molecules that are believed to suffer more seriously from the curvature problem of CMD, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Nanotechnol
January 2025
Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.
The world of nanoscales in fluidics is the frontier where the continuum of fluid mechanics meets the atomic, and even quantum, nature of matter. While water dynamics remains largely classical under extreme confinement, several experiments have recently reported coupling between water transport and the electronic degrees of freedom of the confining materials. This avenue prompts us to reconsider nanoscale hydrodynamic flows under the perspective of interacting excitations, akin to condensed matter frameworks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
School of Mechanical Engineering, Center of Excellence in Energy Conversion, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Dropwise condensation (DWC) is a widely studied vapor-liquid phase-change process that has attracted significant research attention due to its exceptional energy transfer efficiency. Therefore, it is highly important to predict the heat transfer rate during DWC and the factors that affect it. This study presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) investigation on DWC heat transfer under diverse circumstances for a single droplet on inclined and rough surfaces with Wenzel structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Using metal oxides to disperse iridium (Ir) in the anode layer proves effective for lowering Ir loading in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWE). However, the reported low-Ir-based catalysts still suffer from unsatisfying electrolytic efficiency and durability under practical industrial working conditions, mainly due to insufficient catalytic activity and mass transport in the catalyst layer. Herein we report a class of porous heterogeneous nanosheet catalyst with abundant Ir-O-Mn bonds, achieving a notable mass activity of 4 A mg for oxygen evolution reaction at an overpotential of 300 mV, which is 150.
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